Chapter 24.2 and. 4 Notes

War in Europe March 12, 1938– Hitler takes over Austria (unopposed, happy to have him) Hitler sets his eyes on the Sudetenland (area in Czechoslovakia) Sept 1938 Munich Conference: Hitler meets with French PM (Daladier) and GB PM (Neville Chamberlain) sign Munich agreement, Hitler says Sudetenland will be the last area he takes over. Appeasement

German Offensive Begins Non-Aggression Pact: signed by Hitler and Stalin (Aug. 23, 1939) agree to never attack each other and will divide Poland between them Sept 1, 1939, Hitler invades Poland and takes it for himself Sept 3, 1939 Great Britain and France declare war on Germany War has started Bliztkrieg (lightening war) German military tactic Phony War (after attack on Poland and troops gear up, stalemate) April 9, 1940 Hitler invades Denmark and Norway, next Belgium and Luxemborg

Great Britain and France Fight Allies vs Axis (Italy, Germany, Japan) Germany works toward taking over France Is able to occupy the North of France, now only Great Britain is free from German control Summer of 1940, bombing of Britain Britain remains free, US realizes it must soon help its friend

Moving from Neutrality Sept 1939, “Cash-and-Carry” policy, if you got the cash and can take it, we will give you war materials Tripartite Pact: Germany, Italy, and Japan will work together for mutual defense (aka Axis Powers) If US attacks any of the nations in the Axis powers faces a two ocean war (we don’t want that) so US stays out But just in case…..US passes Selective Service Act (1940) first peacetime draft (21-35 could serve in military 1940, Franklin Roosevelt runs for and wins a 3rd term in office (first president to do so)

World War II Lend-Lease Plan, designed with GB in mind, we will lend you weapons (replaces Cash and Carry policy) ARSENAL FOR DEMOCRACY Want to help GB fight off the Germans Also give some weapons to USSR 1940’s German U-boats are back again 1941, German U-boats attacking US ships, US sailors given permission to fight back

FDR Plans for War (just in case) Atlantic Charter: meeting between Winston Churchill and FDR about post war plans. US not even in war at this point. Both countries pledge to work for disarmament, self-determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of the seas. Also, calls for a United Nations Allies are formed, 26 nations fighting against the Axis Powers

Japan and Tojo July 1937, Japan under Hideki Tojo invade Manchuria, China Japan wants to get all of East Asia under their control, quickly able to take islands in the Pacific, only US owned islands are free (by 1941) US protests Japanese actions by cutting off trade with them, this makes Japan mad! Tojo (PM) promises Emperor of Japan that he will maintain peace with the US Nov 5, 1941, tells Japanese military to be ready for attack on US navy (secretly) US is able to break Japanese military code, knows that a strike is coming but where???

Pearl Harbor Dec 7, 1941, Japan attacks US military base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii US taken by surprise “Date which will live in infamy” US declares war on Japan