Ancient India

Indus Valley Civilization 2500 B.C.E Developed along the Indus River in modern-day Pakistan Farmers Their cities were planned out and included sewage systems. Harappa was their most famous city

Geography-12/7 Look in Chapter 25 in your Geography book. 1. What is India’s main religion? Name 2 other minor religions. 2. What is the main religion in Pakistan? 3. What is India’s main language? What other common language do they speak when dealing with trading transactions? 4. What is India’s economy primarily based on?

History-8/25 On your Organizer: Define #s 6 and 13-19 on Vocab Answer Sections 3.1 and 3.2 on the back In your warm-up section, answer these questions based on this quotes. Thou shall not kill Thou shall not steal Thou shall honor thy neighbor Where have you heard or seen these before? What else from this unit can you compare these to that we have already discussed?

Physical Features The Indus River-most historical river Ganges River-most sacred river in India for Hindus Himalayas-formed from plate tectonics Mount Everest-tallest mountain in the world (29,035 ft.) K2-Second tallest mountain in the world (28,250)

A History of India Indus Valley Civilization: 1st civilization (farmers, developed sewers) Aryans conquered the Indus Valley and estb. Hinduism Later, Siddhartha Gautama estbl. Buddhism India was conquered by Muslims in the 16th Century (Mughal Empire) British take over India in the 1800s with control of the East India Company Mohandas Gandhi gained independence for India in the 1930s 1947-Partition of India-India split into India, Pakistan, and East Pakistan (Bangladesh)

Aryans Invade the Indus Valley 1500 B.C.E Indo-European Aryans from Caspian Sea area Developed a Caste System Brought their religion to India based upon a sacred text-The Vedas Hinduism developed over time Hindus work to achieve moksha or complete understanding of the universe Reincarnation occurs and karma follows to the next life.

Buddhism Develops Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha)-developed Buddhism in the 500s B.C.E Searched for enlightenment, or wisdom to end suffering The Four Noble Truths Desire causes suffering Eightfold Path/Middle Way Nirvana-release from selfishness and pain.

India Timeline (Find Dates, Create Pic., and Write Title for each) Indus Valley establishes civilization Aryans arrive Hinduism Develops Siddhartha Gautama creates Buddhism Chandragupta Maurya established the Mauryan Empire Asoka spreads Buddhism Gupta Empire is established (Golden Age) Babur established the Mughal Empire Akbar creates “2nd Golden Age” Islam spreads Taj Mahal is built by Shah Jahan British takeover India Mohandas Gandhi leads Independence Movement India gains Independence from Britain Partition of India (Creation of Pakistan) Indira Gandhi becomes first woman prime minister Mumbai Bombings (2011)

The Road to Modern India These are all modern-day characteristics of India. For each one, place it into a timeline for India’s history. Make sure it is in order Include a date and picture for each. Start with this event: The Indus Valley Civilization was the first civilization to develop here. 1. India’s main religion is Hinduism 2. India also has Buddhist followers 3. India also has Muslim followers 4. India fights with Pakistan over control of Kashmir 5. One of India’s main languages is English 6. The Taj Mahal is considered one of the world’s 7 wonders. 7. India has the world’s second largest population

India Conquered by Muslims In 1526 C.E., a group of Muslims from Central Asia conquered India The Mughal Empire was established Babur-man who started the Mughal Empire A Golden Age was began under the emperor Akbar in 1556. Shah Jahan-built the Taj Mahal in 1653

The British Control India The British East India Company-trading company that made money off of India’s resources (1757) Over time, this company gained more power Sepoy Mutiny-Indian soldiers tried unsuccessfully to re-take India in 1857 The British government transferred power from the company in 1858 The British controlled Indian life for the next century.

The Mauryan Empire, Asoka, and the Gupta Empire Chandragupta Maurya united India by 303 B.C.E Asoka-Maurya’s grandson became India’s greatest king and spread Buddhism across India. Religious Toleration The Gupta Empire- “Golden Age” experienced profit from trade and achievements in the arts, science, and religious thought.

Ancient China

Chinese Dynasties Ancient China was characterized by dynasties-series of rulers from same family The Zhou Dynasty was one of the earliest (1027-256 B.C.E) Farmers btw. Huang He and Chiang Jiang Rivers Developed the Mandate of Heaven-the gods’ approval to rule Dynastic Cycle

Confucianism Develops Confucius (551-479 B.C.E)-China’s greatest philosopher Developed a moral code to live by. Five Relationships Filial Piety-respect for parents and ancestors Stressed education Created a bureaucracy, or trained civil service for the government. Based on an Exam System (merit)

The Qin Dynasty (221-202 B.C.E) Founded by Shi Huangdi, “First Emperor.” Unified China through conquest Harsh ruler; centralized autocracy Legalism Burned Confucian texts Built the Great Wall of China

The Han Dynasty (202 B.C.E-220 C.E.) Expanded under Emperor Wudi, “The Martial Emperor” Increased trade by building silk roads across China Created a Bureaucracy with civil service jobs Examination System based upon Confucianism Spread Chinese thought Technology (paper)