Research and Entrepreneurship Kojuri J M.D. M.S. ( Medical education) Cardiologist. Interventionist. Full professor of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Who are entrepreneurs? Common traits Common traits Self employed parents Firstborns Between 30-50 years old Well educated – 80% have college degree and 1/3 have a graduate level degree Common traits Original thinkers Risk takers Take responsibility for own actions Feel competent and capable Set high goals and enjoy working toward them

Characteristics of Entrepreneurs Key Personal Attributes Successful Entrepreneurs Strong Managerial Competencies Good Technical Skills

Key Personal Attributes Entrepreneurs are Made, Not Born! Many of these key attributes are developed early in life, with the family environment playing an important role Entrepreneurs tend to have had self employed parents who tend to support and encourage independence, achievement, and responsibility Firstborns tend to have more entrepreneurial attributes because they receive more attention, have to forge their own way, thus creating higher self-confidence

Key Personal Attributes (cont.) Need for Achievement A person’s desire either for excellence or to succeed in competitive situations High achievers take responsibility for attaining their goals, set moderately difficult goals, and want immediate feedback on their performance Success is measured in terms of what those efforts have accomplished McClelland’s research

Key Personal Attributes (cont.) Desire for Independence Entrepreneurs often seek independence from others As a result, they generally aren’t motivated to perform well in large, bureaucratic organizations Entrepreneurs have internal drive, are confident in their own abilities, and possess a great deal of self-respect

Key Personal Attributes (cont.) Self-Confidence Because of the high risks involved in running an entrepreneurial organization, having an “upbeat” and self-confident attitude is essential A successful track record leads to improved self-confidence and self-esteem Self-confidence enables that person to be optimistic in representing the firm to employees and customers alike

Key Personal Attributes (cont.) Self-Sacrifice Essential Nothing worth having is free Success has a high price, and entrepreneurs have to be willing to sacrifice certain things

Technical Proficiency Many entrepreneurs demonstrate strong technical skills, typically bringing some related experience to their business ventures For example, successful car dealers usually have lots of technical knowledge about selling and servicing automobiles before opening their dealerships Especially important in the computer industry NOT ALWAYS NECESSARY

Research commercialization Acquisition of new knowledge through leading-edge research Application of new knowledge to create products and services Introduction of products and services into the marketplace

Research and Entrepreneurship The great majority of newly created jobs are the indirect or direct result of advancements in science & technology; half or more of the growth in the GDP in recent decades has been attributable to progress in technological innovation

University Innovation Impact 2008: >600 new products from university technologies were introduced to the market 2008: university research helped create 1.6 new companies per day University technology transfer creates $Billions of direct benefit to the US economy annually University research helped create whole new industries, like biotechnology, where US enjoys a leadership role

Moving Research to Patient Applications through Commercialization Moving research from the laboratory to the patient typically requires the use of intellectual property rights to achieve the goal of improving the quality of healthcare

What Motivates Academic Scientists to Engage in Research Commercialization: ‘Gold’, ‘Ribbon’ or ‘Puzzle’? Three concepts of ‘gold’ (financial rewards), ‘ribbon’ (reputational/career rewards) and ‘puzzle’ (intrinsic satisfaction) to examine the extrinsic and intrinsic aspects of scientists’ motivation for pursuing commercial activities

Research in 3GU This would not happen without decentralization of decision-making in the government bodies (i.e., the Ministry of Science, the Budget and Planning Organization, and the Organization for Recruiting). And the university must think of earning money from private sectors and industries by carrying out more project and research work for them. (Vahdatzad, M. A., and Mojtahedzadeh, M. T., 2000

Research in 3GU Hire more research faculty Commercialization Universities divides to high education institutes ( local research center) and 3GU research marketing and producing manforce for technology Globalization and competition External funding Research to earn many is vital for 3GU Product is not article, is patent, technology, drug , everything that can produce money from Start up, accelerator, product centered

3GU criteria

How to make money?

Creativity and talent not always the same

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