Newton’s Laws of Motion

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Presentation transcript:

Newton’s Laws of Motion Notes

Newton’s Law of Inertia Newton’s 1st Law of Motion An object at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. And An object in motion will stay in motion at the same speed and direction unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

What does this mean? Because of inertia, an object will keep doing what it is doing unless forces become unbalanced. Inertia is an object’s tendency to resist change in motion. The greater an objects Mass, the greater it’s inertia. The harder it is to change it’s motion.

The car stops but the man keeps going because of inertia Law of Inertia (1st law) The car stops but the man keeps going because of inertia

Vehicle Restraints Describe how Newton’s 1st Law of motion applies to vehicle restraints. Vehicle restraints, such as seat belts, are the unbalanced force that stops you when a car stops suddenly so that you don’t go flying forward. This applies to all vehicle restraints.

Newton’s Law of Acceleration Newton’s 2nd Law The acceleration of an object by a force is inversely proportional to the mass of the object and directly proportional to the force applied.

What does this mean? The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied to the object. Acceleration is any change in motion!!! Starting, Stopping, Speeding up, Slowing down, and changing directions (turning)

In other words… Mass Force The less massive an object the greater the acceleration The more massive an object the smaller the acceleration. Force The less force applied the smaller the acceleration The more force applied the greater the acceleration.

Sports Car vs. Semi-Truck The sports car has a lot less mass so it accelerates faster. The Semi Truck has much more mass so it accelerates slower.

Force = Mass X Acceleration Calculate Force Force = 1,000 kg X .05 m/s/s Force = 50 Newtons

Acceleration The rate of change in the motion of an object. includes the velocity, speed and/or direction of an object. Stopping, starting, speeding up, slowing down and changing directions How to calculate Acceleration Acceleration = Force/Mass Measured in meters/sec2

Newton’s Law of Action/Reaction Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

What does this mean? All forces act in pairs. An Action force causes a Reaction force that is equal in size and opposite in direction.

Rocket Launches and Newton’s Law of Action/Reaction A rocket taking off creates an action force of gasses pushing down that causes the reaction force of the rocket going up.