STAAR Review – Day 5 Newton’s Laws of Motion Potential vs Kinetic Energy Forms of Energy Transformation

Newton’s Law of Motion Newton’s 1st Law of Motion – The Law of Inertia: An object at rest will remain at rest or an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted on by an outside (unbalanced) force. Ex. A football will sit on the ground until someone comes along and picks it up. Ex. A frisbee will fly through the air until gravity and air resistance stop it (or someone catches it).

Newton’s Laws of Motion Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion: F = M X A This law states that there is a proportional relationship between force and mass or force and acceleration. The more massive something is the more force is needed to put it in motion or stop its motion. Ex. An 18 wheeler – can you push it into motion by yourself? The same principle applies to acceleration – force is proportional to the acceleration involved – whether it is zero acceleration or something accelerating. Ex. An 18 wheeler going down the highway would take a lot of force to stop it.

Newton’s Laws of Motion Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion – For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Ex. Hit a ball with a bat and the ball takes off. Ex. When you push on the pedal of a bike the tires start to move. Ex. Seatbelts in a car: in an accident your body moves forward and your seat belt pulls you back.

Potential vs. Kinetic Energy Potential Energy - Kinetic Energy – Stored Energy Energy in motion

-Electrical energy Solar energy- -Light Energy Chemical energy- Types of Energy -Electrical energy Solar energy- -Light Energy Chemical energy-

Energy Transformations What kind of energy transformations are going on in these examples?

Work = Force X Distance or W=Fd Def. A force applied over a distance. (Nothing moved – no work done: example – a person holding a box 2 feet off the floor) Formula for Work: Work = Force X Distance or W=Fd