The SuperB Project overview Marcello A. Giorgi Università di Pisa e INFN Pisa IRC 2nd. Review Meeting – Roma April 29,2008 Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

First IRC meeting In this meeting : Update on physics and detector In the agenda of the first meeting; Project outlook. Physics program. Detector design. Accelerator Concepts, Parameters, New Ideas. Budget estimate The focus was mostly on Physics and Detector since the accelerator innovative concept was based on simulations, that we intended to validate with a machine experiment at LNF. In this meeting : Update on physics and detector Update on accelerator Focus on the results from the Frascati tests of Crab Waist principle Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

AND AT WITH A REASONABLE ELECTRICITY BILL! Guiding principles Flavour Physics was recently in the front line of the stage thanks to the e+ e- factories. What in the next decade will e+ e- factories say about new physics and contribute as complementary to LHC and LHCb ? A LOT! Providing they can produce more than 5 10 10 and 10 11 b, c and t pairs in 5 years and from then accumulate 4-5 10 10 more/year. AND AT WITH A REASONABLE ELECTRICITY BILL! Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

HAWAII 2005 II Joint Meeting Babar-Belle on Super BFactory At that time it was clear that: A Super BFactory was not possible in Slac PEPII was not likely running too long The possible road to High Lumi was HIGH CURRENT No technology ready for detectors with expected BKG if luminosity higher than 5 10 35. MORE IMPORTANT: for some of us the needed integrated luminosity to hit the target of New Physics is >50 ab-1 and peak>10 36, better 3-5 times higher. BUT ! ! DISTRESS ! ! Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

From Linear Super Bfactory to SuperB Initial proposal was very exotic (linear colliding machine with recicling in damping rings), but seemed to us VERY APPEALING FOR PHYSICS since it was promising high lumi with low currents (low BKG and LOW WALL POWER! ) It was unfeasible and after the first 2 SuperB workshops the conceptual design was converging to the present. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Luminosity For gaussian bunches: geometrical Reduction factor Ne+ ( Ne- ) is the number of positrons (electrons) in a bunch fcoll is the collision frequency σx (σy) is the horizontal (vertical) r.m.s. size at the I.P. Rl is the Luminosity Reduction factor by incomplete overlap: crossing angle and “hour glass” effect. TRADITIONAL (brute force): increase the numerator Currents increase: from 1A on 2 A up to 4.1 A on 9.4 A- Wall Plug Power, HOM,CSR: hard to surpass 5 1035 cm2s-1 Crab Crossing to increase Rl and to optimize beam dynamic SuperB: decrease the denominator (same currents as PEP-II) Bunch sizes: from σy = 3μm down to σy = 40 nm Luminosity: 1036 cm2s-1 ( baseline) . Crab Waist and large Piwinsky angle to optimize beam dynamic Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

To proceed the validation of simulations was necessary. Right solution? It appeared as the solution for the high luminosity at a reasonable wall power (≤ 30 MW as in PEPII) BUT: To proceed the validation of simulations was necessary. The large Piwinski angle scheme and crab waist needed to be tested. Preliminary results on test are now available Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Physics on CDR (comparisons with 50 ab-1) Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

UTfit as now and with SuperB 1 ab-1 50 ab-1 With 50 ab-1 g is measured at 1° level Triangle vertex Determined by N.P. free processes Theoretical uncertainties on sides could be reduced: (V.Lubicz, SuperB IV Villa Mondragone nov.2006) Vub : 2% (excl.) 2% (incl.)Vcb : 1% (excl.) 0.5% (incl.) Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

The case for a high luminosity flavour factory Prejudice: if there is New Physics at the TeV scale it must have a flavor/CP structure New heavy quanta can be detected through precision measurement of processes involving loop diagrams Statistics of O(50 ab-1) is necessary to reduce the experimental error below the theoretical uncertainty for the most sensitive analyses Physics reach is complementary to LHC-LHCb: many rare decays are not accessible at LHC; sensitivity to off-diagonal term of squark mixing matrix, test of LFV in t decays Probably add another slide with the references and comparison with LHCb sensitivities. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

CPV in rare decays (PENGUINS) Channel Goal 3 ab-1 10 ab-1 50 ab-1 5% 16% 8.7% 3.9% 5.7% 3% 1% 8.2% 5% 4% SM 2% 11% 6% SM 5% 1.0% 0.5% 0.6% 0.3% Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Rare Decays Goal 3/ab 10/ab 50/ab MEASUREMENT B(BD*tn) SM: B: 8x10-3 10.2% 5.6% 2.5% B(Bsnn)K,K* SM:Theory ~5% 1 excl: 4x10-6 ~1s >3s >4s B(Binvisible) <2x10-6 <1x10-6 <3x10-7 B(Bd mm) ~8x10-11 <3x10-8 <1.6x10-8 <7x10-9 B(Bd tt) ~1x10-8 <1x10-3 O(10-4) ? B(t mg) now< 4.2 10-8 (few)10 -9 B(t mKs) now < 4.910-8 <10-9 Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

BUT MORE IMPORTANT…… SuperB Physics case There is a solid case for a SuperB collecting between 50 and 100 ab-1 ( 5. 1010 -10 11 B, charm, t pair) Precision measurements allowing to detect discrepancies from the standard model Reduced theoretical uncertainties will allow this in many channels Rare decay measurementsstudy Lepton flavour violation In addition: possibility to run at tau/charm threshold, polarized beam Complementarity with LHC has been studied in the CERN workshop Flavour Physics in the era of LHC . (M.Mangano,T.Hurth to be published soon as CERN yellow report) See in addition to SuperB CDR: The Discovery Potential of a Super B Factory (Slac-R-709) Letter of Intent for KEK Super B Factory (KEK Report 2004-4 ) Physics at Super B Factory (hep-ex/0406071) SuperB report (hep-ex/0512235) Many documents available at the URL : www.pi.infn.it/SuperB BUT MORE IMPORTANT…… THE UNEXPECTED DISCOVERY FROM A FRONTIER MACHINE Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Sharpening on the Physics Reach of SuperB Physics Retreat in Valencia Jan.7-15,2008 Following informal suggestions of IRC. Update on physics (potential discovery of New Physics with a 75 ab-1 in 5 years ) for B, Charm, Tau’s and new Spectroscopy . Examine carefully the potential benefits of running at 4GeV c.m.s. Energy and of the Polarization. Organize the preparation of the simulation tools to evaluate the correct experimental sensitivity to the most relevant physics channels The report is now in the final editing stage. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

After Valencia Physic Retreat some highlight b Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

(B PHYSICS) Comparison 10ab-1 with 75 ab-1 In CDR all comparisons for 50 ab-1 Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

GOLDEN MODES X X X- CKM X X X- CKM X X The GOLDEN channel for the given scenario Not the GOLDEN channel for the given scenario but can show experimentally measurable deviation from SM. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Comparison with charged Higgs mass 2 Higgs-doublet model . Bound on M H+ = 295 GeV at 95% CL. Comparison with 1/R in minimal Universal Extra Dimension model Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

(B PHYSICS) Comparison 10ab-1 with 75 ab-1 Determination of Susy mass insertion parameter (d13)LL with 10 ab-1 and 75 ab-1 Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

more The best UL < 14 10-6 SM BF= 4 10-6 Presidenza INFN Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

SNOWMASS points SPS4 ruled out by present values of Bsg. Flavour has a great impact already in MFV! SPS1a is the least favorable for flavour, but SuperB can say at the level of 2 s in several channels as Bsg, Btn, BXS l+l- Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

MORE.. B  t n and B  m n combination exclusion plots in [ M(H+), tan b] 200 ab-1 10 ab-1 75ab-1 2 ab-1 20 40 60 R= (B l n )/ (B l n )SM in 2HDM with m(H+)=500 GeV BF of Bt n is higher than Bm n, but With the B beam method and high lumi the use of Bm n is almost systematic free due to a cleaner identification of the lepton. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

COMPLEMENTARY FLAVOUR meas. AND LHC IF LHC DISCOVERS SUPERSYMMETRY Red are LHC+EW constraints+SuperB Blue is LHC alone Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Lepton Flavour Violation The B factories are also  factories (+  -) = 0.89 nb at s = M() Total sample of ~1.5 billion taus 90% CL limits Br ( -  e-g ) < 12 x 10-8 Br ( -  m- g ) < 4.1 x 10-8 Br ( -  e- g ) < 11 x 10-8 Br ( -  m- g ) < 6.7 x 10-8 Belle result BaBar result Excluded region R.Barlow ICHEP06 Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

TAU LFV (use of polarization) Polarization is only partially used in this estimate. An optimization of the BKG rejection is in progress. But Pol. helps to discriminate models. In some model there is a strong effect on the angular distribution of m from signal: Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Comparison with Snowmass points on Tau using also polarization SuperB with 75 ab-1, evaluation assuming the most conservative scenario about syst. errors LFV 5s disc 1÷2 Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Start with the expt. with m Tau g-2 Start with the expt. with m <1 Make use of all the informations (total x-section,angular distribution, f-b asymmetry. Measure Re and Im parts Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

CHARM Mixing from Dalitz analysis Results from Belle Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

CP violation can be studied in high statistics as: CPV in Charm CP violation can be studied in high statistics as: Indirect in the mixing Direct in the decay With very high statistics at Y4S together with tau and B physics BUT time dependent analysis is needed for CP violation in the interference mixing-decay,for it runs at charm threshold production are needed in asymmetric factory mode . D0K+K- and D0p+p- can be studied with time dependent analysis and ff can be extracted. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Dedicated runs at the tau/charm threshold feasible options Dedicated runs at the tau/charm threshold feasible Electron polarization scheme is very important ( ≥ 80%) Polarized electron source Electron spin manipulation to provide longitudinal polarization @ IP Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

SOME UPDATE ON Super B Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Machine Parameters (slightly different from CDR) 150m needed for Polarization Baseline LEB HEB Circumference was 2200 m Asymmetric bunch size to optimize beam lifetime (Toushek effect) Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

SuperB parameters with higher Wall Power Doubling currents with a factor 2 in Wall power we can double the luminosity Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Lattice layout, PEP-II reuse Total length 1800 m 280 m 20 m Dipoles Lmag (m) 0.45 5.4 PEP HER - 194 PEP LER SBF HER 130 SBF LER 224 18 SBF Total 148 Needed 30 Available Needed Quad. Lmag (m) 0.56 0.73 0.43 0.7 0.4 PEP HER 202 82 - PEP LER 353 SBF HER 165 108 2 SBF LER 88 SBF Total 253 216 4 Needed 51* 134 All PEP-II magnets are used, dimensions and fields are in rangeRF requirements are met by the present PEP-II RF system Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

SuperB expected LUMI >80ab-1 in 7th year After 7th year integrated Luminosity can grow at rate of 40 ab-1/year Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

INGREDIENTS for the proof of principle Very low emittance project (John Seeman talk) Test on CRAB WAIST (see M. Biagini, P.Raimondi talks) Polarization (a lot to be done see U.Wienands talk) Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

MEMO for IRC and P5 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

ON DETECTOR Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

SuperB Detector Babar and Belle designs have proven to be very effective for B-Factory physics Follow the same ideas for SuperB detector A SuperB detector is possible with today’s technology. Main issues: Machine backgrounds – somewhat larger than in Babar/Belle Beam energy asymmetry – a bit smaller Strong interaction with machine design Try to reuse parts of Babar as much as possible Quartz bars of the DIRC Barrel EMC CsI(Tl) crystal and mechanical structure Superconducting coil and flux return yoke. Moderate R&D and engineering required Small beam pipe technology Thin silicon pixel detector for first layer Drift chamber CF mechanical structure, gas and cell size Photon detection for DIRC quartz bars Forward PID system (TOF or focusing RICH) Forward calorimeter crystals (LSO) Minos-style scintillator for Instrumented flux return Electronics and trigger Computing – large data amount Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Detector Layout – Reuse parts of Babar (or Belle) BASELINE OPTION Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Detector R&D Progress Test beam goals for 2008-2010 Lots of progress Silicon Vertex Tracker MAPS pixel devices: resolution, efficiency, readout speed Advanced trigger systems (Associative Memories) Drift Chamber Cell size, shape, and gas mixture Particle ID system (forward system) Radiators (Aerogel, NaF) Photon detector (MCP, MAPMTs, SiPM) Timing for TOF system Electromagnetic Calorimeter Forw: LYSO Crystals leakage, resolution, mechanical structure Back: Lead-scintillator calorimeter resolution Instrumented Flux Return Scintillator, fibers, photon detector, readout electronics Detection efficiency, time/space resolution Integrated slice Track trigger, material in front of EMC, timing for TOF, forward PID options Lots of progress R&D technical progress in all detector subsystems Started the definition of strategies for Electronics and DAQ design Large computing effort for simulation Subdetector groups are building up  collaboration SuperB is included in the DevDet FP7 proposal Improve infrastructure for detector R&D Mainly focused on improving LNF Beam test facility Electronics and software network Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Progress in simulation Development of both fast (parametrized) and full (Geant4) simulation programs started. Reuse Babar code where possible Remove dependencies from private Babar code to allow redistribution to outside Babar Use more modern approach to geometry description (GDML, developed for LHC) Fast simulation targeted at physics benchmarking Geant4 simulation targeted at backgrounds Geant4 Model Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Background simulation Lattice “MAD” decks can be transformed into G4 geometry Machine elements and apertures are then introduced into the full simulation for evaluation of backgrounds Touchek background simulation is benchmarked with Dafne results Good agreement Optimization of collimators is needed after each lattice adjustement Background rate in the KLOE forward calorimeter vs. position of the internal jaw of a collimator Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

ON THE SITE Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

TOR VERGATA site, close to LNF Ring length =1650m+150m for polarization Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

…and now…. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

From Manchester (‘07) : to Lisboa (’08) : Twice to ECFA REPORT BASED ON CDR Ecfa has appointed a subcommittee chaired by T. Nakada as a contact group with SuperB Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

After the present phase If we receive green light from IRC we would consider ended the CDR phase. The SuperB community is ready to start the organization towards the preparation of a TDR. We need the set up of the structure of the collaboration including governance rules. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

After the present phase Build the technical structure for the machine and detector project : Collect resources for the machine design. Organize the project group for site and infrastructure. Organize the detector community for the next steps. Prepare test of subdetectors. Build the s/w tools (not only simulations) for detector optimization and for physics. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

After the present phase Machine-Detector-Physics as closely interleaved in SuperB. The coordination of the project as whole is necessary and it will continue in the future. An oversight body reflecting in its composition the international inspiration of the SuperB enterprise would be more than useful. A MAC to periodically monitor the machine progress would be necessary as well as the monitoring of the detector project and construction. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

May –June 2008 Mid may 2008- start at SLAC discussion on disassembly including data base of Babar and of the usable components of PEPII. Disassembly of the Babar alone estimated 18 months. IMPORTANT ! Contribution to this phase from engineers of various institutions . End may 2008- Super B meeting at Elba. It will be attended by the Ecfa contact group (Nakada,Karyotakis, Linde, Spaan). End june 2008- accelerator committee as a future MAC (Dorfan committee) will meet in Genova after EPAC with the SuperB proponents. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Set up Machine organization http://www.pi.infn.it/bfactory/SuperB_elba2008/ Set up Machine organization Preassembly the collaboration of SuperB Project. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

END Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Accelerator and site costs Note: site cost estimate not as detailed as other estimates. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

Detector cost Note: options in italics are not summed. We chose to sum the options we considered most likely/necessary. Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi

END Roma 29 April,2008 Presidenza INFN Marcello A. Giorgi