Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chapter 17: Organic Chemistry

Advertisements

Chapter 25 Organic and Biological Chemistry. Organic Chemistry The chemistry of carbon compounds. Carbon has the ability to form long chains. Without.

Chapter 11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Chapter 11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Condensation Polymerisation

Nomenclature or names of compounds Alkanes. Nomenclature or names of compounds Alkanes.

– Carbohydrates – Lipids (fats) – Proteins – Nucleic Acids Organic molecules are the molecules in living things There are four types of organic (carbon-based)

Introductory Chemistry: Concepts & Connections Introductory Chemistry: Concepts & Connections 4 th Edition by Charles H. CorwinBiochemistry Christopher.

___________ is a substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics. Competitive.

Aim: What are functional groups?. Isomers Compounds that have the same molecular formula but have different structural formulas and different names; isomers.

Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.

AP Biology Chemistry of Carbon Building Blocks of Life.

Chapter 11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry. Organic Chemistry is the study of compounds that contain C All organic compounds contain the element C Inorganic.

1 Amide Bond Formation Amide bonds form upon reaction of carboxylic acids with ammonia, primary amines or secondary amines. When amide bonds form between.

Building Blocks of Life Organic Chemistry.

1 Organic Polymers  Synthetic and Natural Chapter 22 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

The Chemistry of Carbon BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIFE Why study Carbon? All life (on our planet) is carbon-based Cells ◦~72% H 2 O ◦~25% carbon compounds ◦Carbohydrates.

 All of life is built on carbon  Cells ~72% H 2 O ~25% carbon compounds  carbohydrates  lipids  proteins  nucleic acids ~3% salts  Na, Cl, K…

TOPIC 11 – ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. TOPIC 11 – Regents Review Organic compounds consist of carbon atoms bonded to each other in chains, rings, and networks.

Chapter 11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 10 Introduction.

CHAPTER 2 CHEMISTRY OF LIFE. Level of organisation  ATOM  MOLECULE  ELEMENT  COMPOUND  SOLUTION Water.

Carbon Compounds Chapter 2 Section 3 Part 2. Objectives  Describe the unique qualities of carbon  Describe the structures and functions of each of the.

Section 1: Atoms, Elements and Compounds.  Elements pure substances that cannot be broken down chemically  There are 4 main elements that make up 90%

Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids and Amides The carbonyl group >C=O is one of the most biologically important chemical entities in Organic Chemistry.

Aim: What is the primary structure of proteins ?.

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins. Introduction to Amino Acids  There are about 26 amino acids, many others are also known from a variety of sources.

Proteins - made of H, O, C, and N - formed by linking monomers called amino acids. - most important organic compound – body structure Amino Acids - 20.

Chapter 12 Organic and Biological Chemistry. Organic Chemistry The chemistry of carbon compounds. Carbon has the ability to form long chains. Without.

AP Biology Chemistry of Carbon Building Blocks of Life

Organic Chemistry The study of carbon and carbon-containing compounds.

Organic Functional Groups: Aldehydes, Ketones, Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides.

Christopher G. Hamaker, Illinois State University, Normal IL

Human Physiology Unit One Objective Six

Organic Chemistry Review

Carbonyl Groups Carbon’s ability to share more than one electron with an atom is often exploited by greedy oxygen atoms. Oxygen will form double bonds.

Chapter 20 Biochemistry by Christopher Hamaker

Alkenes, Alkynes and Functional Groups

Biological compounds The chemistry of living organisms

Macromolecules & Functional Groups

Building Blocks of Life

Chapter 24 Organic Chemistry

Chapter 24 Organic Chemistry

General Animal Biology

Natural products: proteins

What do you think is happening to the proteins within these eggs????

Functional Groups Unit 2.

Functional Groups Unit 3.

CH2OH O C H H H C C OH H OH HO C C H OH.

THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF MACROMOLECULES

The study of carbon and carbon-containing compounds

CHEMISTRY Matter and Change

2.1 UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS

CH 2-3 Survey of other Functional Groups in Organic Compounds

Carbon Chemistry Vocabulary Review

THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF MACROMOLECULES

Biochemistry and Carbon Compounds

8.1 Condensation Polymers

Proteins and Enzymes 2:3.

THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF MACROMOLECULES

Chapter 10 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

General Animal Biology

Chapter 19 section 1 The Chemistry of Life.

Functional Group Atom or group of atoms that gives a molecule “personality.” (Molecules with that group behave alike.)

Chemistry of Life…continued

Functional Group Atom or group of atoms that gives a molecule “personality.” (Molecules with that group behave alike.)

Presentation transcript:

Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers Chapter Twenty-five Stopped here Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

Chapter Twenty-Five/ Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers Proteins Polymers: are large molecules made up of repeating units called Monomers. Proteins are polymers of amino acids; they play a key role in nearly all biological processes. Enzymes, the catalysts of biochemical reactions, are mostly proteins. Proteins also facilitate a wide range of other functions, such as transport and storage of vital substances, coordinated motion, mechanical support, and protection against diseases. The human body contains an estimated 100,000 different kinds of proteins, each of which has a specific physiological function. Proteins have large molar masses, ranging from about 5000 g to 1x107g The basic structural units of proteins are amino acids. amino acid is a compound that contains at least one amino group (-NH2) and at least one carboxyl group (-COOH):

Chapter Twenty-Five/ Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers Proteins Amino acids in solution at neutral pH exist as dipolar ions, meaning that the proton on the carboxyl group has migrated to the amino group.

Chapter Twenty-Five/ Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers Proteins The first step in the synthesis of a protein molecule is a condensation reaction between an amino group on one amino acid and a carboxyl group on another amino acid. The molecule formed from the two amino acids is called a dipeptide, and the bond joining them together is a peptide bond: +H3N C C O- + +H3N C C O- H R1 R2 O Peptide bond +H3N C C N C C O- + H2O H R1 R2 O -CO-NH- is called the amide group.

Chapter Twenty-Five/ Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers Proteins Example A protein is: A) a polymer of amino acids B) a fatty acid ester of glycerol C) an addition polymer D) a polymer of fatty acids The formula CH3CH2CH2CH2CH 2CH2CH2 OH represents: a-an alcohol b-an alkene c-an alkyne d-an unsaturated hydrocarbon Which of the following is a ketone? a-CH3CH2COCH3 b-CH3CH2CHO c-CH3OCH3 d-CH3CH2COOH

Chapter Twenty-Five/ Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers Proteins Example Classify each of the following molecules as: alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ether, amine or amino acid ether amine aldehyde ketone Carboxylic acid alcohol Amino acid

Thank you for listening