Atom Substance Mixture compound Elements homogeneous heterogeneous electrons _ Matter is _______________________________________________________________ Anything that has mass and volume protons Atom nucleus + + The building block of matter neutron Substance _ Definite properties & compositions Mixture Random compositions compound Elements Molecule (2 diff. atoms) Element chemically joined One type of atom Can’t be broken into something else homogeneous heterogeneous Looks the same uniform Looks different Location Periodic Table all natural and synthetic elements arranged using the atomic number Atomic number symbol Atomic mass Groups Grp 1 Grp2 Grp 17 Grp 18 Periods Vertical columns Similar properties Horizontal rows (up and down) Alkali metal – most reactive M Metals Ex Metalloids Ex Nonmetals Ex Left of table Border zig-zag line Right of table Alkaline Earth metal 2nd most reactive M Semi –conductors not malleable Malleable, Ductile Not ductile, dull metal and nonmetal properties Good conductors Hydrogen H Oxygen O Halogens most reactive NM Sodium (Na) silicone (Si) Nobel gases Non reactive

Warm Up 1___Compound a) element, compound 2___mixture b) Complete this warm up. Be sure to include today’s date. Copy the following and complete the matching activity. 1___Compound a) element, compound 2___mixture b) 3___electron c) no charge or neutrally charge 4___Proton d) 5___ Atom e) Na, H, Ni, Co 6___ substance f) positively charge subatomic particles 7___Neutron g) corn bread, 8___molecule h) CO, NH4, CaPO4 9___element i) negatively charge subatomic particles

Physical and Chemical Changes magnetism

What is matter? Everything that has mass and volume is called matter. Everything is made of matter Basic definition of matter.

Matter has properties Two basic types of properties that we can associate with matter. Physical properties Chemical properties

What are properties? h Characteristics used to identify, describe and classify matter Two basic types of properties of matter are : Physical properties and Chemical properties:

Freezing/boiling melting point Physical Properties Characteristic of a substance that can be measured/observed (using your senses) without changing the substance into something else. size Texture color Odor Taste mass shape Freezing/boiling melting point density Volume Magnetism Temperature

More EXAMPLES - Physical Physical State solid, liquid, gas or plasma Viscosity - The resistance of a liquid to flowing. Examples: Low viscosity-water, rubbing alcohol High viscosity-honey

Creating a new chemical product Chemical Properties Chemical properties are characteristics involved when a substance interacts with another substance to change its chemical make-up. Flammability Rusting Creating gas bubbles Creating a new chemical product Reactivity with water pH

Alike? Different? Draw a double bubble map in your notes to compare and contrast physical and chemical properties.

Matter Matter is everywhere. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Matter is constantly experiencing both chemical and physical changes.

Physical Change Physical changes occur when matter changes its physical property but not its chemical properties. No new substance is created. Physical property changes could include a change in: texture, shape, size, color, volume, mass, weight, and density.

Examples of Physical Changes Boiling Freezing Dissolving Breaking Making a mixture 2 or more types of matter (substances) mixed together Not in specific amounts Can be separated physically

Chemical Change Chemical changes are changes matter undergoes when it becomes new or different matter. To identify a chemical change look for signs such as, bubbling and fizzing, light production, color change with an odor, smoke, and presence of heat.

Evidence of a Chemical Change Formation of gas Formation of precipitate (a solid that results from two liquids reacting) Change in color Change in energy/change in Temp. Endothermic Absorbs heat energy (gets cold) Exothermic Releases heat energy (gets hot)

What kind of changes does matter undergo? The type of change that occurs in matter depends on the type of properties that are changed. Physical changes change physical properties only Chemical changes change chemical properties and physical properties

Chemical Changes The composition of the substance changes. The substances present at the beginning of the change are not present at the end; new substances are formed. The change cannot be “undone.”

Is it a chemical or physical change? Sugar dissolving in tea Chemical Change Physical Change

OOPS! Did it change size, color, shape (Physical Change)? or Did it become different matter (Chemical Change)?

Correct!

Is it a chemical or physical change? Logs burning Chemical Change Physical Change

OOPS! Did it change size, color, shape (Physical Change)? or Did it become different matter (Chemical Change)?

Correct!

Is it a chemical or physical change? Breaking water up by separating it into hydrogen and oxygen Chemical Change Physical Change

OOPS! Did it change size, color, shape (Physical Change)? or Did it become different matter (Chemical Change)?

Correct!

Is it a chemical or physical change? Cutting paper Chemical Change Physical Change

OOPS! Did it change size, color, shape (Physical Change)? or Did it become different matter (Chemical Change)?

Correct!

Is it a chemical or physical change? Crushing an aspirin Chemical Change Physical Change

OOPS! Did it change size, color, shape (Physical Change)? or Did it become different matter (Chemical Change)?

Correct!

Is it a chemical or physical change? Metal rusting Chemical Change Physical Change

OOPS! Did it change size, color, shape (Physical Change)? or Did it become different matter (Chemical Change)?

Correct!

Is it a chemical or physical change? Lighter fluid burning Chemical Change Physical Change

OOPS! Did it change size, color, shape (Physical Change)? or Did it become different matter (Chemical Change)?

Correct!

Is it a chemical or physical change? An egg rotting Chemical Change Physical Change

OOPS! Did it change size, color, shape (Physical Change)? or Did it become different matter (Chemical Change)?

Correct!

Is it a chemical or physical change? An egg breaking Chemical Change Physical Change

OOPS! Did it change size, color, shape (Physical Change)? or Did it become different matter (Chemical Change)?

Correct!

Writing Activity Write a paragraph about the difference between a chemical and physical change. Give examples of each.