Chapter 26 South Asia: Today Countries of the Indian Sub-Continent

I: INDIA or Hindustan Capital = New Delhi Government = Largest Democracy Economy = Agriculture, Industry (World’s Top 5) - M. Gandhi achieved Independence in 1947 A- The Green Revolution B- Population and Environmental Challenges: Monsoons, Tsunamis C- Culture = Many Religions Diwali (Festival of Lights), Bollywood Vaisakhi = Sikh harvest festival D- Standard of Living – has a low per capita GDP - More than 70% of the population lives in villages

Key Terms… 1. Monsoons = Seasonal winds that bring moist or dry air to an area 2. Green Revolution = a program that encouraged farmers to adopt modern agricultural methods – Think: plants 3. The Caste System = a class structure that divided Indian society into groups based on a person’s birth or occupation

Kashmir

II: PAKISTAN. A- Capital = Islamabad. B- Gov’t = Dem – Rep II: PAKISTAN A- Capital = Islamabad B- Gov’t = Dem – Rep. C- History = Split with India (1947) = Kashmir (3 Wars) D- Languages = Urdu, Punjabi and Sindhi III: BANGLADESH A- Capital = Dhaka B- Gov’t = Dem-Rep C- Econ = Agriculture (very swampy) D- Language = Bengali

IV: NEPAL. A- Capital = Kathmandu. B- Gov’t = Con-Mon IV: NEPAL A- Capital = Kathmandu B- Gov’t = Con-Mon. C- Sherpas lead you to Mt. Everest D- Severely lacks resources to build economy V: BHUTAN “The Hidden Holy Land” A- Capital = Thimphu B- Gov’t = Con-Mon. VI: SRI LANKA A- Capital = Colombo B- Gov’t = Dem-Rep. C- Sinhalese vs Tamils = Civil War

VII: MALDIVES - Tropical Island Country RELIGIONS HINDUISM Vedas Aryans Temple c. 1500 B.C. BUDDHISM 8 Fold Path Siddhartha Gautama Dzong or Pagoda c. 500 B.C. SIKHISM Much Like Hinduism Monotheistic ISLAM Quran Muhammad Mosque 622 A.D.

Mt. Everest