Earth as a System EQ: What are the 4 spheres of the earth? How is energy transferred through each sphere

Earth Science Earth Science – Body of knowledge about Earth and its place in the universe Earth Scientist use several BIG IDEAS to guide them.  Structure of Earth’s Systems  Earth’s History  Earth in the Solar System

Earth Systems A system can be described by the way matter and energy are transferred within the system. Closed Systems: System in which energy but not matter is exchanged with surroundings Open Systems: System in which both energy and matter are exchanged with surroundings All systems that make up the earth are open

Earth Systems

Earths Spheres The Atmosphere The Hydrosphere Mixture of gases that surrounds the planet Provides air to breath and protection from suns radiation The Hydrosphere Part of earth that is water 71% of earth’s surface Oceans, lakes, rivers, glaciers, and groundwater Cryosphere – Frozen water

Earths 4 Spheres The Geosphere (Lithosphere) The Biosphere Rocky part of earth Extends from center of the core to surface of the crust The Biosphere All forms of life on earth Extends from the oceans to the atmosphere

Earth’s Energy Budget 1st law of Thermodynamics Energy can not be created or destroyed Internal Sources of Energy When earth formed 4.6 billion years ago, its interior was heated by radioactive decay and gravitational contraction External Sources of Energy The sun Gravitational energy from moon and sun generate tides that help mix the ocean water.

Earth’s Energy Budget 19% absorbed by the atmosphere Draw and label a picture that includes the following budget of solar energy using only arrows and simple pictures. 19% absorbed by the atmosphere 100% incoming solar energy 30% reflected by space 4% reflected by water and land 16% absorbed by water vapor 51% absorbed by water and land 6% scattered by air 20% reflected by clouds 70% reradiated as longwave radiation 3% absorbed by clouds