Potential Environmental Impact of Vapours

Earth`s Atmosphere Composition and Structure Earth’s atmosphere is made up of a combination of gases. The major components of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon remain constant over time and space, while trace components like CO2 and water vapor vary considerably over both space and time.

Composition of Earth`s Atmosphere Table 1: Constant Components. Proportions remain the same over time and location. Nitrogen (N2) 78.08% Oxygen (O2) 20.95% Argon (Ar) 0.93% Neon, Helium, Krypton 0.0001%

Composition of Earth`s Atmosphere Table 2: Variable Components. Amounts vary over time and location. Table 2: Variable Components. Amounts vary over time and location. Table 2: Variable Components. Amounts vary over time and location. Table 2: Variable Components. Amounts vary over time and location. Composition of Earth`s Atmosphere Carbon dioxide (CO2) 0.038% Water vapor (H20) 0-4% Methane (CH4) trace Sulfur dioxide (SO2) Ozone (O3) Nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2, N2O)

Structure of the Earth`s Atmosphere Principal layers of the atmosphere Earth's atmosphere can be divided into five main layers. These layers are mainly determined by whether temperature increases or decreases with altitude. From lowest to highest, these layers are: Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere

Structure of the Earth`s Atmosphere

Gaseous pollutants Pollutant Problem Produced Sulphur oxides Poisonous gas Nitrous oxides Greenhouse effect; Acid rain Carbon Dioxide Heat trapping gas Carbon monoxide A very poisonous gas Methane A green house gas Chlorofluorocarbons Destroys ozone Ozone Hazardous to health; corrosive to materials

Sources of pollutant gases Sulfur oxide (SOx) refers to one or more of the following: Lower sulfur oxides  Sulfur monoxide  Sulfur dioxide  Sulfur trioxide   Coal and Oil combustion, smelters

Sources of pollutant gases Nitrogen oxide can refer to a binary compound of oxygen and nitrogen, or a mixture of such compounds: Nitric oxide, also known as nitrogen monoxide, Nitrogen dioxide  Fuel and gas combustion

Sources of pollutant gases

Sources of pollutant gases Carbon monoxide - Incomplete petrol and gas combustion

Sources of pollutant gases Methane

Sources of pollutant gases

Sources of pollutant gases Chlorofluorocarbons http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/infodata/lesson_plans/

Sources of pollutant gases Ozone

Acid Rain

The Greenhouse Effect

The Greenhouse Effect

The Greenhouse Effect

Acid Rain

Acid Rain It shows that factories produce bad things called SO2and NOx and release them into the air (These are the yellow dots on the picture). When SO2 and Nox combine with the air, acid rain is created.

Acid Rain

What's the impact of acid rain? Deteriorates building that is made of rock Acidification of soil and lakes Separation of poisonous minerals such as aluminum and mercury from the surrounding ground, increasing the risk of contamination to lakes/water sources Deteriorates trees and forests

Ozone Effect

What is being done to reduce harmful gases? Sulphur Dioxide removal Reducing nitrogen formation in combustion reactions Electrostatic Precipitator