Standard Input - Output By: Muhammad Zidny Naf’an Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

Output Command cout() printf() puts() putchar() Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

cout() Show the data to screen We must include header file “iostream.h” Ex: Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

printf() Function declaration: printf(“string control”, argument1, argument2); Use header header “stdio.h” Data type Determining format Integer %d Float decimal form exponential decimal and exponential %f %e %g Double precission %lf Character %c String %s Unsigned integer %u Long integer %ld Long unsigned integer %lu Unsigned hexadecimal integer %x Unsigned octal integer %o Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

printf() Ex: Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

puts() Print the string in the screen Use “stdio.h” Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

putchar() Print a character to screen Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

Manipulation Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

endl() Insert new line Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

ends() Insert null character Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

dec, oct, hex Convert number to decimal, octal, and hexadecimal Use “iomanip.h” Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

setprecission() Formatting the number of decimal digit that will showed Use “iomanip.h” Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

setbase(base number) To convert decimal, hexadesimal, and octal. Base number: 10 for decimal, 8 for octal, 16 for hexdecimal Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

setw(int width) Set variable’s width in screen User “iomanip.h” Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

setfill(char character) Fill blank from setw with character Use iomanip.h Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

setiosflags() Formatting output Example: Align text in screen (align left or right) Using “iomanip.h” Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

Input Command cin scanf() gets() getch() getche() Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

cin Without formatting input Use “iostream.h” Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

scanf(“format setting”, &variable) Input data with formatting Data type Determining format Integer %d Float decimal form exponential %f %e Double precision %lf Character %c String %s Unsigned integer %u Long integer %ld Long unsigned integer %lu Unsigned hexadecimal integer %x Unsigned octal integer %o Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

scanf(“format setting”, variable) Example: Use “stdio.h” Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

gets(char[] string) Input string from keyboard Use “stdio.h” Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

getch() Stands for get character and echo Input one character, and we aren’t need push “enter” button to execute, and character will not be showed in screen Use “conio.h” Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

getch() Stands for get character and echo Input one character, and we aren’t need push “enter” button to execute, and character will be showed in screen Use “conio.h” Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

Exercise Write the program to count average from a student’s score. The are 3 scores. Average Formula = (score1+score2+ score3)/3 Input format: Output format: ********** INPUT SCORE ********* Name : <input> score 1 : <input> score 2 : <input> score 3 : <input> ********** AVERAGE SCORE ********* Name : <name> score 1 : <score1> score 2 : < score2> score 3 : < score3> Average: <average> Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012