Summers & Chazan-Cohen-Chapter 2 The Challenging Child Summers & Chazan-Cohen-Chapter 2

Emotion Dysregulation ___________________-to survive & thrive; all living things need an organized, coherent response to stressful events & experiences (it is that organized, coherent response that is emotion regulation) ____________________-the lack of an organized response to a stressful or upsetting event One of the most destructive observable behaviors in the context of dysregulation is ____________ a very common part of a young child’s dysregulated response to _____________________ Developmental experts don’t expect toddlers & preschoolers to be fully in control of their reactions important to know what is expected based on _____________________________ Emotion regulation is an important skill related to other functions _____________________________

The Development of Emotion Regulation Good predictors of a child’s emerging emotional capacities are reflected in ________________ studies show that when parents & their infants have a _____________________, and when parents model ____________________, infants are likely to show progress toward developing those same skills _____________ and ___________ are the primary means for caregivers to model and provide emotion regulation to their infant rocking, holding, stroking, & speaking softly adult has calm physical presence Parental depression, illness, personal stress, physical or emotional discomfort, exposure to trauma, & difficult feelings about the infant can affect the way the caregiver can tolerate & accept the distress of the infant Infants are ____________________________________; caregivers must be able to help them

How Does Temperament Play a Role? ________________-biologically, constitutionally based individual differences in characteristic behavioral and response style remains generally consistent across settings, experiences, and time ____________________________ easy, slow-to-warm, & difficult children One of the most important concepts in temperament research is______________ Is there a good fit between the infant’s temperament & the caregiver? the match between ________________________________________________ of the caregiver is called “goodness of fit” Activity- CSEFEL Module 1 Handout 1.12 Temperament Continuum CSEFEL Module 1 Handout 1.14 Temperament Traits Booklet (Activity) IT3 Infant & Toddler-quiz

Emerging Emotion Regulation in Toddlers As children mature and learn new skills, they are better able to regulate their emotions through prosocial regulation strategies such as __________________, __________, and __________ strategies (Sethi et al., 2000) Cooling strategies when something frustrating occurs & cannot be solved alone, the child either needs to wait for someone to help solve the problem or needs to move to a different experience altogether emotional & behavior regulation are required in the form of shifting attention away from the “hot” to “cool” the child a complex task that requires a cognitive, attention, & physical shift by the child being able to demonstrate that __________________ is a hallmark of emotion regulation

The Importance of Language & Culture Toddlers emerging use of _________ is one of the clearest ways they can begin to ask for and receive help when they are distressed Toddlers whose language skills are slow to emerge typically experience ________________ with emotion regulation development The development of emotion capacities in some children may vary based on culture related to physical contact, along with neutral and nonnegative emotional displays from the parent some cultures use a lot of physical contact, others do not some use more face-to-face interactions, affectionate touching, and indirect forms of assistance in completing tasks (toddlers) acceptance of negativity is very likely to vary across various cultural groups

Emotion Dysregulation & Aggression _______________-inward expressions of emotion; feelings are not easily observed by others fears/worries anxiety, depression, withdrawal somatic or physical complaints _______________-outward expressions of emotion attention problems, hyperactivity oppositional & defiant behavior aggression _____________- most difficult of all externalizing, undercontrolled behaviors throwing or breaking frustrating objects hitting/pushing/biting at ____________ for being disliked by peers, may become delinquent, have interpersonal & academic difficulties does _____ come out of a desire or intent to harm is an issue with _________________ and _________________ more than anything else during toddler years

Program Strategies Challenges presented by a child who is dysregulated can be _______________ to staff Screening tools=Ages & Stages Social Emotional Questionnaire, ASQ-SE (we will look at this later in the semester) observe the child ______________ strategies strengthen the _____________ with adult caregivers provide _______________________ _______________________ give a consistent and appropriate behavioral structure ___________________________ ______________________ can come to classroom suggest tools, strategies, techniques for educators parenting interventions Staff training, ongoing support, supervision, assistance, additional staff in classroom