Module 6 Save our world Unit 3 Language in use

Grammar 在一个单词前或后加上一个词缀，就可以构成一个新词。 根据词缀的位置，分为前缀和后缀两种。掌握一些常见的词缀，对单词的记忆和理解有很大的帮助。比如：我们学会care, 就能掌握careful, careless, carefully, carelessly。下面我们来学习几个常见的前、后缀：

前缀： 1. 表示否定意义 “无，不”的前缀： un- in- dis- im- il- unfair, unhappy inactive, inhuman, indirect disagree, disappear impolite, impossible illegal

前缀： 2. 表示程度、大小的前缀： super- over- mini- under- superstar, supermarket, superman, superpower overhead, overeat, overuse minibus, miniskirt, minicar underground, underdevelop

前缀： 3. 表示 “再”的前缀： re- rewrite, reuse, recycle 4. 表示 “向，背”的前缀： pro- anti- pro-Chinese, pro-American anti-war(反战), anti-pollution

前缀： 5. 表示 “整个、完全”意思的前缀： al- 表示“完整，完全” ：alone, almost, over-表示“完全，全” ：overall, overflow(充满)

后缀： 常见的后缀： –able表示“可能，易于，适合于”， 构成形容词，如：renewable, eatable(可吃的)，lovable(可爱的)， comfortable, movable(可移动的)

后缀： 2. –ful 表示“充满...的，具有...性质 的”，构成形容词，如：helpful, hopeful, powerful ,useful, careful, beautiful 3. –less 与-ful 相反，表示“少的，不足 的”，构成形容词，如：helpless, hopeless, powerless, useless, careless

让我们来看一些不改变词根的基本意义，而是改变了词性的后缀。 1.动词变名词： -ation -ment -al -ee -er -or satisfaction, education, realization development, movement arrival, refusal trainee, employee teacher, worker visitor, sailor

2.形容词变名词： -ness -ity -ism happiness, meanness, carelessness ability, possibility Marxism, criticism 3. 名词、形容词变动词： -ify -ize -en beautify, simplify realize quicken, widen, sharpen

4.名词变形容词： -y -ish -some -ous -ful windy, rainy, sandy foolish, feverish handsome, troublesome dangerous, humorous helpful, careful, peaceful

We can easily find such scenes everywhere in big cities.

People is trying to deal with rubbish now.

1. Make new words. Join the words in Box A with the parts of words in Box B. A care collect done hope possible usual used wanted waste B -able -ful im- -less re- un- careful full of care _______________

1 can be collected__________ 2 not done__________ 3 full of hope____________ 4 without any hope_______ 5 not possible_________ 6 not usual___________ 7 not used____________ 8 used again___________ 9 not wanted____________ 10 making a lot of waste________ collectable undone hopeful hopeless impossible unusual unused reused unwanted wasteful

2. Match the underlined words with their meanings. 1 Polluted water is not healthy. 2 It’s something we can use again. 3 The water in the river was very dirty. 4 It’s not true that we don’t listen to students. 5 It was not possible to clean up the whole river. 6 The people on the mountain top were not comfortable. c a reusable b uncomfortable c unhealthy d unclean e impossible f untrue a d f e b

3. Complete the table. Noun Verb Adjective Adverb ---- energetically environment hopelessly national pollute seriousness unusualness unusually waste worry electricity electric energy energetic environmentally environmental hope hope hopeless nationally nation pollution polluted serious seriously unusual waste wasteful wastefully worry worried worriedly

4. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 3. energetically 1 They are working very______________ to reduce waste. 2 The situation is_________. We can’t do anything to make it better. 3 The factory________ the river, and the fish died. 4 We don’t often walk in the country. It’s a(n)_________ activity for us. 5 Don’t______. Everything will be all right. 6 Don’t use so much water. It’s very_______. hopeless polluted unusual worry wasteful

5. Work in pairs and talk about the picture. 1 What kind of things can be recycled? 2 How can these things be reused? 3 How does this help the environment? 4 Do you ever recycle, or use recycled material? How?

6. Read the ideas on protecting the environment 6. Read the ideas on protecting the environment. Put them in the correct column in the table. a Don’t buy anything made from endangered animals or plants. b Glass bottles and newspapers can be taken to recycling centers and reused. c Don’t boil more water than necessary. d Don’t take new plastic bags from the shop reuse your old ones. e Turn off lights when you don’t need them. f Use a bicycle or walk instead of using the car.

Waste Pollution Wildlife Now listen and check. Waste Pollution Wildlife c b a e d f

7. Listen again and answer the questions. 1 Why should you reuse plastic bags? 2 Name two advantages of using a bicycle or walking instead of using a car. Because they are hard to recycle. There is no pollution and it’s a good kind of exercise.

3 Why did some animals die out? 4 How can we stop some people trying to kill or sell endangered animals and plants? Because people have cut down a lot of trees and polluted the rivers. Never buy anything made from endangered animals.

8. Work in pairs. Discuss the question. Which of the ideas do you think you would find easiest / most difficult to use in your everyday life? Why?

9. Complete the conversation with the correct form of the phrases in the box. be good for hear of look after throw away turn off worry about Mike: I hear you're off to the Caribbean for a holiday! Lucky you! But aren't you(1)_____________the dangers of such long flights on the environment Ken: Why should I be worried? Mike: Planes cause a lot of pollution. worried about

Ken: I know, but what can I do about it? I already try my best to protect the environment. I recycle, I don't just (2)___________things if I don't want them any more. I (3)___________the lights when I leave a room. Don't tell me we shouldn't travel by plane any more. Mike: No, of course not. But we can do something topr0tect the envir0nment. Have you (4)____________ futureforests.com? throw away turn off heard of

It's an environmental group. It helps to (5)___________trees. By planting more trees, we can help keep the air clean, because trees (6) ____________the environment. In this way, we can reduce the dangers of pollution. Ken: Good! So I can enjoy my holiday, and When I come back, I’ll plant some trees! Mike: That's the idea! Maybe we can all join in and start a small forest! look after are good for

Discussing what you can do about pollution Module task Discussing what you can do about pollution

Work in groups. Decide what type of pollution you want to talk about. Choose something that is very important to you. It could be water pollution, air pollution, waste, cutting down forests, etc. Find out a bit more information about your subject. Look it up on the website or in books.

Discuss your topic. Take it in turns saying what you think about the problem and What can be done. Listen carefully to what the others say. If you agree with what they’ve said, say “I agree”, “That’s true” or “That’s a good point”; if you don’t agree, say “I’m sorry but I disagree. I think that ...” Make a summary of what you have said and tell the class.

Goodbye!