Types of Sensory Receptors

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Chapter 12 Nervous System III - Senses

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Presentation transcript:

Types of Sensory Receptors • Interoreceptors receive stimuli from inside the body (pressure,osmo and chemoreceptors) • Exteroreceptors detect stimuli from outside(smell,hearing,Equilibrium)

• Chemoreceptors • Photoreceptors • Mechanoreceptor • Thermoreceptors – Respond to chemical substance in the immediate vicinity • Photoreceptors – Respond to light energy (rods and cones) • Mechanoreceptor – Stimulated by mechanical force (detect changes in fluid) • Thermoreceptors – In hypothallamus (cold and warm receptors) • Pain receptors: nociceptors (naked dendrites that respond to chemicals released from damaged tissue)

Structure and Function of Sensory Receptors • A sensory receptor is a separate cell from the afferent neuron • The stimulus changes the membrane potential of the receptor cell, which opens (or closes) a calcium channel → ↑ or ↓ cytosolic [Ca] • Changes in [Ca] trigger (or inhibit) the release of a chemical transmitter by exocytosis • The transmitter communicates to the afferent neuron by binding to receptros on the afferent endings • A sensory receptor that is a specialized ending of an afferent neuron • The stimulus acts on the sensory receptor by opening or closing ion channel, thereby producing a receptor potential