The Scramble for Africa

Africa today

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Why did European nations compete in the “Scramble for Africa?” Exploration paved the way for conquerors-as Europe become more industrialized-the need for new resources increased Until the 1870’s-Europeans really had little interest in Africa (except for the slave trade) Outposts had been established along the coast, but for trade purposes only.

Between 1870-1914 a dramatic shift occurs Almost all of Africa comes under European rule First Leopold II of Belgium acquires the Congo, then the French take the west and the British take the rest

The Age of Imperialism Imperialism-domination by one country of the p/e/c life of another Most common form of influence- colonies

European Imperialism Forces driving Imperialism-economic, political and social Industrial Revolution-as European nations became more industrialized/wealthy-searched for new markets and raw materials Belief in European superiority-new sense of nationalistic pride

“Backward” Nation Underdeveloped natural resources Primitive economy Weak government Limited military power

Factors promoting Imperialism In Africa Europeans technological superiority Means to control empire-steam engine Perfection of quinine 1829 Africa culturally and linguistic diverse-discouraged unity

Work of Explorers Explorers Stanley and Livingston describe geography, resources and people of Africa. Glowing reports reawaken Europe’s interest in Africa.

Gold and diamonds.. Discovery of gold and diamonds increased Europe’s interest in colonizing Africa-No European power wanted to be left out of the race….

The scramble.. Brings European powers to the brink of war To settle their disagreements-the Berlin Conference took place from 1884-1885 Without consulting the African people, the European nations drew boundary lines on a map of Africa

Examine the maps below and answer the questions that follow

After the Scramble

Examine the two maps and then answer the following questions What is the main difference between the two maps? What part do you think The Berlin Conference played in the creation of Map 2? What do you think happened to the African political entities by 1914? According to map 2, which 2 European countries held the most territory? Why do you think this is?

Using the chart, answer the following questions What % of Africa was colonized by 1913? Which two countries have the MOST territory? How much of Africa is independent?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pw12KGSj53k http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvpDuNIBTKc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJ6V1qXbc2Y

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJ6V1qXbc2Y