Chapter 10 Nervous System Fundamentals.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 10 Nervous System Fundamentals

I) NERVOUS SYSTEM = Master control and communication system of the body. This system works with the ENDOCRINE system to maintain and regulate body HOMEOSTASIS (balance). NERVOUS SYSTEM – Fast action, uses electrical impulses. Changes by this system tend to be fast but temporary. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM – Slow action, uses chemicals called HORMONES released into the blood. Changes by this system tend to be slow but long lasting.

The Nervous System has 3 Overlapping Functions: 1) SENSORY INPUT – sensory nerve receptors collect information from both inside and outside the body and send it to the Brain. 2) INTEGRATION – the brain processes the sensory information, and makes decisions on what must be done to maintain Homeostasis. 3) MOTOR OUTPUT – is a response or action sent out to the body, from the brain. This usually activates MUSCLES or GLANDS.

Sensory Input Integration Motor Output

Sensory Input  Integration  Motor Output

II) ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Nervous System Central Nervous System - CNS Peripheral Nervous System - PNS Includes the Brain and Spinal Cord Includes the Cranial and Spinal Nerves

Autonomic/Involuntary NS Peripheral Nervous System - PNS Afferent (sensory) Neurons Efferent (motor) Neurons Conduct impulses from Receptors towards the Brain Transmit impulses away from the brain to Effectors Somatic Afferents Somatic/Voluntary NS Sensory Input from Skin, Joints, Muscles, etc. Motor Impulses from Brain to Skeletal Muscles Autonomic/Involuntary NS Visceral Afferents Motor Impulses from Brain to Internal Organs Sensory Input from Internal Organs (heart, lungs, etc.)

Autonomic/Involuntary NS Sympathetic Division Parasympathetic Division These 2 Divisions are ANTAGONISTIC to each other, i.e. one speeds up the heart while another one slows it down.

Basic Divisions Afferents CNS Efferents

and Visceral Afferents Which 2 branches of the Nervous System are MISSING from this schematic? ***The 2 branches of the Sensory division: i.e. Somatic Afferents and Visceral Afferents ***

Various Pathways

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