Communication “What you do speaks so loud that I cannot hear what you say” Ralph Waldo Emerson

Communication is like an iceberg!

An Iceberg

Proxemics Personal Space/ Conversational Distance Most Americans use a 24 inch bubble Public Zone over 12 feet Social Zone 4-12 feet Personal Zone 1 ½ -4 feet Intimate Zone Less than 18 inches Kiss, Hug…

Factors that affect Proxemics: Gender Culture Activity (dancing, dental hygiene, hair styling) Relationship (boss, boyfriend, mother)

Physical Appearance (Tattoos, Race, Clothing) Age Personal History Physical Size Physical Appearance (Tattoos, Race, Clothing) Age Personal History Abuse victims need more space Abusers intrude space

Invasion of Space increases anxiety People stand closer to those they like and trust Mirroring indicates agreement/ trust

Kinesics Body Language Far more important than words in communication Gestures Facial Expression/ Movement Eye Contact None: disagree or disinterest Solid: involved in conversation

Body Position/Posture Fidgeting Body Position/Posture Notice who stands by each other (alliances) Notice who someone avoids Facial Touching Hiding something Touching others

Mirroring/ Posture Echoing Hand Position Closed? (defensive) Open? (relaxed/ open minded) On hips? (defensive) Toe/ Foot Position Inward (submissive) Outward (dominance)

Arm Position Facial Expressions Crossed? (negative/ barrier/ disagree) Includes micro-expressions

Body Language to Impress Make eye contact Avoid fidgeting Avoid touching your face Face your listener Clothes, make up, and hairstyle are factors that control first impressions!

Para Verbal Communication How we say what we say Tone Reveals patience/impatience Condensation/ sarcasm Irritation/Anger Volume Many use loud for power. This fails!

Cadence… Rate and Rhythm of speech Look at the following example for meaning:

A woman without her man is nothing.

A woman, without her, man is nothing. See what changing cadence can do?

There are four ways in which we have contact with the world There are four ways in which we have contact with the world. We are evaluated and classified by these four artifacts: what we do, how we look, what we say, and how we say it. Dale Carnegie