Understanding SDGs and Gender in SDGs Ranjani K Murthy, Board Member, Ekta Prepared for Feminist Capacity Building on Women and Development – November 2016 EKTA, Madurai and Sangat South Asia (Adapting Murthy and Kappen, 2016)

MDGs and SDGs MDGs SDGs Origin Millennium summit, 2000 Rio+20- 2012 Goals 8 17 Targets 18 169 Period applicable 2001-2015 2016-2030 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2015/malaria-mdg-target/en/ http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2015/jan/19/sustainable-development-goals-united-nations

Differences between MDGs and SDGs 0 goals Universal Gender integration better Inclusive process? Inclusive economic Peace

MDG Achievement Proclaimed to be achieved: Reduce extreme poverty and hunger by half (Goal 1) Universal access to safe water (part of Goal 7) Combat malaria (part of Goal 6) Achieve gender parity in primary education (part of Goal 3) Proclaimed not achieved: Gender parity -women in non agriculture and parliament (part of Goal 3) Combat HIV/AIDS (part of Goal 6) Reduce maternal mortality ratio by 2/3rd (Goal 4) Universal access to safe sanitation (part of Goal 7) Murthy with Kappen, forthcoming, Gender, Equality and SDGs: A training manual, Visthar, Bangalore

Why not achieved? Neo-liberal development paradigm   Redistribution not the focus Conflicts Social norms not a target Gender targets and indicators were limited Sustainability not emphasized

SDGs 1) End poverty in all its forms everywhere 2) End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture 3) Ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all ages 4) Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all 5) Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls 6) Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all 7) Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all 8) Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all

SDGs 9) Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation, and foster innovation 10) Reduce inequality within and among countries 11) Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable 12) Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns 13) Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts 14) Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development 15) Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation, and halt biodiversity loss 16) Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels 17) Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the global partnership for sustainable development 41%

SDG 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilation Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic work through the provision of public services, infrastructure and social protection policies and the promotion of shared responsibility within the household and the family as nationally appropriate Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision making in political, economic and public life

SDG 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights as agreed in accordance with the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the Beijing Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their review conferences Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources, in accordance with national laws Enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular information and communications technology, to promote the empowerment of women Adopt and strengthen sound policies and enforceable legislation for the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls at all levels

Group work: Group 1: Target 5.1 and 5.2 Group 2: Target 5.3 Group 6: Targets 5.8 and 5.9 Rate progress towards targets/indicators in TN/SL Reasons

Indicators of UNEG (4 very high, 1 very low) Target Indicator Rating on achievement 1-4 5.1 End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere 5.1.1 Whether or not legal frameworks are in place to promote, enforce and monitor equality and non‑discrimination on the basis of sex 5.2 Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation 5.2.1 Proportion of ever-partnered women and girls aged 15 years and older subjected to physical, sexual or psychological violence by a current or former intimate partner in the previous 12 months, by form of violence and by age

Proposed SDG indicators: Goal 5 Target Indicator Rating on achievement 1-4 5.4 Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic work through the provision of public services, infrastructure and social protection policies and the promotion of shared responsibility within the household and the family as nationally appropriate 5.4.1 Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, by sex, age and Location 5.5 Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life 5.5.1 Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments and local Governments 5.5.2 Proportion of women in managerial positions Basic income to women from state for unpaid work? Recongnise and valu Leadership??? Representaiton. Take up strategic gendr issues

Proposed SDG indicators: Goal 5 Target Indicator Rating on achievement 1-4 5.6 Ensure universal access to SRHR as agreed in accordance with the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the Beijing Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their review Conferences 5.6.1 Proportion of women aged 15-49 years who make their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use and reproductive health care 5.6.2 Number of countries with laws and regulations that guarantee women aged 15- 49 years access to SRH care, information and education 5.6.2 Coloured by myths, media, income. Informed decision, forced marriage, honour killing. Govt does not allow them ot use Equitable 5.6.2 actual practices

Proposed SDG indicators: Goal 5 Target Indicator Rating of achievement 1-4 5.7 Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources, in accordance with national laws 5.7.1 (a) Proportion of total agricultural population with ownership or secure rights over agricultural land, by sex; and (b) share of women among owners or rights-bearers of agricultural land, by type of tenure 5.7.2 Proportion of countries where the legal framework (including customary law) guarantees women’s equal rights to land ownership and/or control UN statistics division- UNSD Ownership of land secure rights. Land for underp distributed. Law guarantees right of agri pop to land. Ceilings

Proposed SDG indicators: Goal 5 Target Indicator Rating of achievement 1-4 5.8 Enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular information and communications technology, to promote the empowerment of women 5.9 Adopt and strengthen sound policies and enforceable legislation for the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls at all levels 5.8.1 Proportion of individuals who own a mobile telephone, by sex 5.9.1 Proportion of countries with systems to track and make public allocations for gender equality and women’s empowerment ITU is the United Nations specialized agency for information and communication technologies – ICTs. Use mobile TV, laptop, internet account, Budget for marginalised.

SDG monitoring Example SDG 3, target 1 By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births

National monitoring an example Maternal mortality ratio 2015 Reduction per year required to reach 70 by 2030 Sri Lanka 30 India 174 National Shadow report District planning and shadow report

Community monitoring

Caste and gender discrimination mapping

Violence mapping

24 hour clock http://www.agriculturesnetwork.org/resources/learning/mod5-online/edu-res/r1/r1.1

Gender and decision making matrix

Gender and diveristy aware social map

Body mapping/pictures

Gender and diversity aware resource mapping (TN)

Gender based control over resources (Overholt et al 1985)