Agenda/Reminders Signed syllabus? Set up your notebook! We will begin Standard 1 notes (Cornell format) IANB Packet Warm up #1: Based on your prior knowledge, what are the reasons for the English settling in the ‘new world’?

SSUSH1: European Settlement in America (17th century) SSUSH1.a : Explain Virginia’s development; include the Virginia Company, tobacco cultivation, relationships with Native Americans such as Powhatan, development of the House of Burgesses, Bacon’s Rebellion, and the development of slavery

Reasons for European Migrations to the Americas in the 17century

English Colonies Most English Colonies were founded by Joint-Stock Companies People invested in the founding of a colony to hopefully turn a profit Companies obtained a “Charter” in order to establish the colony 1606 King James I granted a charter to The Virginia Company Sent ships to Virginia named after “The Virgin Queen”, Elizabeth I

Warm up #2 What role did propaganda play in the founding of Jamestown?

England Plants the Jamestown “Seedling” May 24, 1607  VA Company sends about 100 colonists [all men] to settle Jamestown Easily defended, but swarming with disease-causing mosquitoes.

Geographic/environmental problems?? Chesapeake Bay Geographic/environmental problems??

English Colonization The Virginia Company Charter: Gave colonists same rights as Englishmen Foreshadows American Revolution – why?

Jamestown Struggles The goal of the Virginia Company was to make money Most Colonists were “gentlemen” wanted to get rich quick by finding gold and silver Refused to farm and hunt Water was bad Disease and starvation hit the town By winter 1607 only 38 Colonists were left alive

John Smith Saves Jamestown Captain John Smith takes charge “He that will not work (farm, hunt) shall not eat” Negotiated with the Powhatan people to provide the colonists with food

Pocahontas “saves” Captain John Smith A 1616 engraving

Warm up #2 Who received a charter from King James I to start Jamestown? What were the main causes of Jamestown’s struggles?

The Starving Time 1609-1610 600 new Colonists arrive in J-town P-tan fears growth of settlers – begins to attack’ livestock and farms By winter J-town was suffering from “the starving time”; 60 survive

Reinforcements The 60 decide to go home On river they meet a new ship of colonists--Jamestown is reborn Stricter leaders encourage J-town’s growth

Tobacco Saves Jamestown VA’s first cash crop Colonist John Rolfe develops a new, better strain of tobacco Leads to a need for laborers and land

Virginia’s gold and silver. -- John Rolfe, 1612 Tobacco Plant Virginia’s gold and silver. -- John Rolfe, 1612

Early Colonial Tobacco 1618 — Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of tobacco. 1622 — Despite losing nearly one-third of its colonists in an Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000 pounds of tobacco. 1627 — Virginia produces 500,000 pounds of tobacco. 1629 — Virginia produces 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco.

Warm up #3 What were the positive and negative impacts of tobacco on the Virginia colony?

Virginia: “Child of Tobacco” Impact of tobacco: Vital role in putting VA on a firm economic footing. Ruinous to soil when continuously planted. Chained VA’s economy to a single crop. Tobacco promoted the use of the plantation system. Need for cheap, abundant labor.

Indentured Servitude Headright System: Indenture Contract: Each Virginian got 50 acres for each person whose passage they paid. Indenture Contract: 5-7 years. Promised “freedom dues” [land, £] Forbidden to marry. 1610-1614: only 1 in 10 outlived their indentured contracts!

Warm up #4 Why was 1619 a significant year in the Virginia colony?

The House of Burgesses First representative government in colonial America July 30, 1619 2 reps/burgesses from each of VA’s 11 districts met in Jamestown *Only white male landowners could vote (right to vote=suffrage)

The first Africans in VA 1619 -20 Africans brought to Jamestown Status unclear (Slaves or I.S.?) After a few years they received land and freedom; 50 years before colonists turned to slavery as main form of labor

Virginia Social Order Planter Class (Jamestown elite) People of common social class bonded quicker than people of common race Yeoman farmers (subsistence), freemen (“Western Frontiersmen”) Indentured servants, slaves, Native Americans

Warm up #5 What factors led to the territorial growth of the VA colony? Why was 1619 a significant year in VA?

Frustrated Freemen Late 1600s  large numbers of poor, discontented men in the Chesapeake area. Disenfranchised, landless, vulnerable to Indian attack on the frontier

Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676

Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676 Led 1,000 Virginians in a rebellion against Governor Berkeley They want Berkeley/wealthy to assist in protecting them *Why was Berkeley reluctant to help? Berkley refused to retaliate for Indian attacks on frontier settlements because he was gaining personal wealth from the fur trade with Natives Nathaniel Bacon Governor William Berkeley

Bacon’s Rebellion Rebels attacked Indians, then turned and attacked Jamestown Governor Berkeley driven from Jamestown. They burned the capital. Berkeley brutally crushed the rebellion and hanged 20 rebels.

17c Population in the Chesapeake WHY this large increase in black popul.??

Bacon’s Rebellion Leads to shift from indentured servants to African slavery (Zinn – “The Color Line”) 23 men hanged https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3mfyQb7Yvs Read Zinn Chapter 2 by next Friday – will post link