The International Scene HPR 200 Spring 2011 Universality of leisure behavior Article 24 of United Nations Declaration of Human Rights emphasizes that everyone has the right to rest and recreation, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays. This chapter looks at the history of rec and leisure in some countries and some popular current pursuits and activities

Western bloc Great Britain Soccer most popular contemporary sport Influence of the Roman Catholic Church Influence of Puritans Class distinctions and the rise of the middle class France Class distinctions Cycling Germany Friedrich Jahn – Father of Gymnastics Gymnastics Rituals and festivals (Oktoberfest) Australia Origination of public parks Blocs are political classifications that came into use after WWII when communism became a force in eastern Europe Formerly used to describe Non communist countries with free market economies – Include US, Canada, Great Britain, western Europe, Australia, New Zealand Great Britain, France, & Germany have had influence on leisure in US and worldwide England is described as the mother of modern sport (most popular contemporary spectator sport, soccer) (called football outside the US) Saxons brought jousting, parades during Middle Ages. Catholic Church – Saint’s days, ball games, Shrove Tuesday, 2 churches 3 miles from each other…broken bones and death…rich hunted for recreation. Poor hunted for food Puritans banned recreation on sabbath and many other celebrations and recreational events Great Britain considered Mother of Democracy based on individuals being allowed to express opinions – still class separation Emergence of middle class during Victorian period spurred recreational movement. Pubs promoted music/entertainment on small stages, family events, film in pub Presbyterians – “muscular Christianity” – fitness of body enhance fitness of spirit – sound mind in a sound body – Cricket, rugby used to divert young men from drinking, gambling, etc

World Leisure Organization 1.All people have a basic human right to leisure. 2. Provisions for leisure are as important as those for health and education. 3. The individual is his/her best leisure and recreational resource. 4. Individuals can use leisure opportunities for self-fulfillment and enhancing quality of life. 5. Governments should ensure the future availability of fulfilling leisure experiences 6. Governments should ensure the training of recreation and leisure professionals 7. Citizens must have access to all forms of leisure information 8. Educational institutions must make every effort to teach the nature and importance of leisure Approved by the World Leisure Board of Directors, July 2000. The original version was adopted by the International Recreation Association in 1970, and subsequently revised by its successor, the World Leisure and Recreation Association in 1979. 1.All people have a basic human right to leisure activities that are in harmony with the norms and social values of their compatriots. All governments are obliged to recognise and protect this right of its citizens. 2. Provisions for leisure for the quality of life are as important as those for health and education. Governments should ensure their citizens a variety of accessible leisure and recreational opportunities of the highest quality. 3. The individual is his/her best leisure and recreational resource. Thus, governments should ensure the means for acquiring those skills and understandings necessary to optimize leisure experiences. 4. Individuals can use leisure opportunities for self-fulfilment, developing personal relationships, improving social integration, developing communities and cultural identity as well as promoting international understanding and co-operation and enhancing quality of life. 5. Governments should ensure the future availability of fulfilling leisure experiences by maintaining the quality of their country’s physical, social and cultural environment. 6. Governments should ensure the training of professionals to help individuals acquire personal skills, discover and develop their talents and to broaden their range of leisure and recreational opportunities. 7. Citizens must have access to all forms of leisure information about the nature of leisure and its opportunities, using it to enhance their knowledge and inform decisions on local and national policy. 8. Educational institutions must make every effort to teach the nature and importance of leisure and how to integrate this knowledge into personal lifestyle. Approved by the World Leisure Board of Directors, July 2000. The original version was adopted by the International Recreation Association in 1970, and subsequently revised by its successor, the World Leisure and Recreation Association in 1979.

Eastern bloc Soviet Russia Communism impacts recreation (state approved) Poland leisure changes to narrow gap between rich and poor Countries of Eastern Europe that were under Soviet communist domination from the end of WWII until the collapse of communism in 1989

Third world Mexico Religious festivals Bullfighting Tourism India Hindu’s influence on leisure – Dieties and rigid hereditary social classes - Castes Yoga / Chess / Dancing Influence of Great Britain Egypt Influence of Islam Lack of open space Group of developing nations with largely agrarian economies, located mainly in Asia and Africa, that generally is not aligned with the ideologies of either the East or the West – Did not align themselves with East or West during Cold War between Soviet communism and Western democracy Agrarian – Depend primarily on agriculture for support and sustenance

China Martial Arts Communism and its effects Up and comer in world tourism (4th ) in 2008 according to wikipedia