CIRCULATION AND BLOOD VESSELS Chapter 14 CIRCULATION AND BLOOD VESSELS

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. State Standards 36) **Differentiate among the systemic, coronary, hepatic portal, pulmonary, cerebral, and fetal circulation systems, formulating an original hypothesis on possible changes in physiology and pathology in response to new environments and/or stimuli. © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Objectives Students will identify the types of vessels. Students will identify characteristics of the different types of vessels. Students will label the different layers of the vessels Students will describe the path of systemic circulation. Students will demonstrate knowledge of pulse points by identifying and taking the pulse of a partner. © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Types of Vessels Arteries Capillaries Veins © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Arteries Arteries - carry oxygenated blood away from heart to the capillaries Thick walled Muscular Smooth inner lining © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Draw this Artery and Label the layers correctly Arteries have 3 layers. Research the 3 layers and Add this diagram to your notes © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Discussion Applying what you know about the pumping of the heart and blood pressure, why would arteries need to be thick walled? Complete station 1 “Artery labeling” under Cardiac Lab activities © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Capillaries Capillaries - smallest blood vessels that have extremely thin walls to allow substances to pass to surrounding cells and tissues Exit-nutrients, oxygen, White blood cells Enter-waste products such as CO2 and nitrogen © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Veins Veins - carry deoxygenated blood away from capillaries to heart Thinner walled than Arteries Muscular Contain Valves to prevent the backflow of blood © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Label the vessels as either an Artery or Vein What 2 things allow you to tell the difference between the 2? © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Discussion Why can veins have a thinner wall than arteries? Applying what you know about arteries and blood pressure in the vessels, why do veins have valves and Arteries do not? Complete Station 1 “Vein labeling” under the Cardiac Lab activities tab © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. So far what objective have we met? We have also described what type of circulation? A. Coronary B. Systemic C. Hepatic D. Fetal © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. PULSE Pulse - alternating expansion and contraction of an artery as blood flows through it Feels like alternating, beating throbs © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. PULSE Pulse is taken at seven locations: Brachial artery Common cartoid artery Femoral artery Dorsalis pedis artery Popliteal artery Radial artery Temporal artery © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Discussion What are you actually feeling at the pulse points? What vital sign would this correlate with? Applying what you learned through labeling the Arteries of the body, where are each of these pulse points located? Work together with a partner to point out the pulse points. © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Activity Use the fingertips of your pointer and middle fingers over the pulse area. What finger would you not use? Why? With a partner complete the taking a pulse activity under the cardiac lab activities tab (DO NOT CHECK THE FEMORAL PULSE) Also count the apical pulse with a stethoscope. After you record your readings take turns doing 50 jumping jacks. Record the changes in the pulse rate

Individual Questions Describe what the pulse felt like when first palpated. What happens to the pulse if you push down too hard? Were some pulses easier to find than others? Why do you think this is so? What changes did you note in the speed and quality of the pulses after exercising? What should a normal resting pulse for an adult be? What should a normal exercising pulse be? Turn in these questions as your exit ticket

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Types of Circulation © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. State Standards **Differentiate among the systemic, coronary, hepatic portal, pulmonary, cerebral, and fetal circulation systems, formulating an original hypothesis on possible changes in physiology and pathology in response to new environments and/or stimuli. © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Objectives Students will name and describe the specialized circulatory systems. Students will trace the path blood takes through coronary, hepatic, pulmonary, cerebral, and fetal circulation systems. Students will form a hypothesis based upon a health change in a patient and its affect on circulation. © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Types of Specialized Circulation Hepatic Portal Circulation Cerebral Circulation Fetal Circulation © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Hepatic Portal Circulation Veins from the pancreas, stomach, small intestine, colon, and spleen empty their blood into the portal vein The portal vein then goes to the liver © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Discussion Why would blood need to pass through the liver on its way back from these organs? What does the liver store? Draw a representation of hepatic portal circulation. © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Cerebral Circulation Circulation that supplies the Brain The rate of the cerebral blood flow in the adult, is typically 750 milliliters per minute, representing 15% of the cardiac output. © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Cerebral Circulation © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Discussion What arteries carry blood to the brain through the neck? What veins bring deoxygenate blood back down the neck? If circulation to the brain is cut off how long does it take until brain tissue dies? © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Fetal Circulation Occurs in an unborn baby The baby obtains oxygen and nutrients from the mother’s blood Fetal and maternal blood do not mix Gases, food, and waste are exchanged in the placenta contained in the uterus © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Fetal Circulation Fetal circulation Blood flowing into the baby’s heart follows two paths: Foramen ovale permits blood to flow from right to left atrium Ductus arteriosus allows blood to flow from pulmonary artery to aorta © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Placenta

CONGENITAL HEART DEFFECTS Occur when there is a malformation of the heart during fetal development Cyanosis - bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membrane © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Activity As a group choose a circulation/vessel disorder. You will be teaching the class about your disorder of choice (Aneurysm, Embolisms, Atherosclerosis, Hypertension) Create a 3-5 minute presentation over the disorder/disease. These are broad disorders. Include the different types (ex. Different types of Aneurysms that can occur) Include causation of each, signs symptoms of each, treatments, visual representations, populations usually affected, also create a short quiz to give to the class after your presentation. © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Individually Complete the review Applying theory questions on p. 285 © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.