Disposable of solid waste and excreta.

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Presentation transcript:

Disposable of solid waste and excreta. By Abdalrahman Mustafa

The term solid waste include garbage(food waste), rubbish (paper, plastic), demolition product(brick, masonry) ,Dead animals

Health hazard and accumulation solid waste:- There correlation between solid waste and incidence of vector-born diseases:- 1- it favor fly breeding. 2- it attracts rodents and vermin.

3- pathogen transmitted from solid waste to man. 4- there a possibility of water and solid pollution. 5- become source of odors. 6- Unpleasant appearance 7- May infect food through dust

Source of refuse. 1- Domestic refuse:- e.g. kitchen refuse(vegatable peeling). 2- Street refuse:- Arise from market, office 3- Industrial refuse:- e.g. metal cutting.

4- Constructional refuse:- e.g. sand, bricks 5- Hospital refuse:- such as laboratory waste, dressing, human tissues, needle and syringes. 6- Stable refused:- Domestic animal dung, hay and discarded food animal.

Storage and collection of refuse:- The galvanized steel dust bin with close fitting cover is a suitable for storage refuse. Public bin cater for a larger number of people. Method of collection depend upon the fund available.

Methods of disposal:- 1- Unsanitary methods:- a- Hog feeding:- - Traditional way. - economic reason. b- Stacking :- - attract flies and rats, soil and water pollutions.

2- Sanitary methods:- Dumping Burning or incineration:- suitable in congested area. Recycling

Measures to prevent faecal-borne infections. Proper disposing of faeces. Protection of water supply. Protection of food. Personal hygiene. Control of flies.

Types of proper excreta disposal Cartage Pit latrines Ventilated Improved pit-latrines Septic tank Sewages 10/03/2011 Primary Health Care

VIP

Health hazard of improper excreta disposal:- 1- Soil pollution 2- Water pollution 3- Contamination of foods 4- Propagation of flies.

Diseases caused by excreta:- Typhoid, dysentery, diarrhea, cholera and viral hepatitis extra. channel of faucal born:- flies, food, finger, water and soil

Hygienic requirement of sanitary latrine:- Water seal arrangement for receiving excreta. Plenty of water for flushing and ablution. adequate ventilation for letting off offensive gases.

Thanks