Farmers & Populism.

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Presentation transcript:

Farmers & Populism

What was Populism? Populism= 3rd party political movement; Consisted of poor farmers, small landholders, & poor urban workers

Farmers’ Struggles 2 main issues impacted farmers: 1) After Civil War, prices of crops dropped Led to increased debt; Costs of conducting business rose, farmers mortgaged property; Became tenant farmers 2) Practices of Big Business= Railroad companies had a monopoly on transportation of crops/livestock; Banks set high interest rates on loans

Farmers Unite Farmers began to organize in late 1800s The Grange= Midwest; Provided education on farming techniques & wanted regulation of railroad & grain elevator rates; Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota set maximum rates for shipping & grain storage Farmers Alliances accomplished= 1) Formed collectives/organization to sell crops 2) Called on gov. to form sub-treasuries( Postal Banks) to provide low interest loans Organization of farmers= Regulation of railroad & grain elevator rates

Populism & the Populist Party Late 19th century political movement; Goals: 1) Fight political corruption, inadequate money supply, & an unresponsive government 2) Fight low prices of crops; Supported the coinage of silver 3) Wanted government ownership of railroads Presidential election of 1892= Loss for Populists; but did well for a 3rd party

Economic Crisis & Populism’s Decline Panic of 1893= Serious economic depression; Causes: 1) Railroad overbuilding; Shaky railroad financing 2) Series of droughts; Left farmers short of cash to pay off loans Election of 1896= Populists supported Democratic nominee William Jennings Bryan Advocated reforms that Populists supported; Chose to support Bryan 1) Coinage of Silver 2) Supported farmers & their situation Bryan would lose to William McKinley