Anatomy of the Pelvis and Hip.

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Presentation transcript:

Anatomy of the Pelvis and Hip

Bony Anatomy of the Hip Hip is formed by the junction of the femur and the pelvic girdle This articulation, formed by the head of the femur and the acetabulum, is the strongest and most stable joint in the body. Standing on one foot: 3x-4x BW Jogging: 8X BW ea

Bony Anatomy of the Pelvis Pelvis is formed by 2 pairs of 3 fused bones: the Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis. These 2 sets of innominate bones are joined anteriorly by the pubic symphysis The sacrum fixates the spinal column to the spinal cord, and is responsible for stabilizing the pelvis The acetablum face down and out depression in the bone that accepts the head of the femur within its fossa The labrum is a thick ring of fibrocartilage that lines the acetabulum and deepens the articulation by approx. 21%. The labrum is thicker/stronger superiorly than inferiorly

Bony Anatomy of the Pelvis

Sacrum: 4 fused spinal processes

Muscular Anatomy Muscles of the hip have multiple layers; many of the same muscles that acted on the knee, act on the hip

Quadriceps Group: Powerful hip flexor (most powerful when knee is flexed) Sartorius: Flexion, AB-duction, Ext Rot Iliopsoas Group: Psoas Major, Psoas Minor, Iliacus – primary hip flexors Adductor Group: Adductor Longus, Adductor Magnus, Adductor Brevis, Pectineus, Gracilis Abductor Group: Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus (both muscles also medially rotates thigh) Gluteus Maximus: Extends and laterally rotates thigh Piriformis: Extends, laterally rotates, and abducts thigh

Muscles of the Pelvis

Femoral Triangle Femoral Triangle: Formed by Inguinal ligament (superiorly), Sartorius (laterally), and Adductor Longus (medially) contains blood and nerve supply as well as lymph nodes that become swollen with lower limb infection

ROM Hip Flexion and Extension: Flexion: 120 to 130 Extension: 10 to 20 0 is considered neutral Moving leg forward = flexion moving leg backward = extension

ROM Hip Abduction Hip Adduction Abduction and Adduction Abduction: 45

ROM Internal and External Rotation Internal: 45 External: 50 Left: Internal Rotation Right: External Rotation

Later View: Palpations