Muscular Diseases Group of diseases in which muscle cells deteriorate. First signs appear at about age 3 and death usually occurs by age 21 due to respiratory or cardiac muscle weakness. Caused by missing fragment in the “x” chromosome so mainly affects boys.

Poliomyelitis  Viral infection of the nerves that control skeletal muscles.  Often causes paralysis that may progress to death.  Virtually eliminated in the USA and the world due to vaccinations.

Tetanus (Lockjaw)  Infectious disease characterized by continuous spasms of the voluntary muscles.  Caused by toxin of the bacterium, Clostridium tetani, that can enter the body through a puncture wound.  Will cause tetany (sustained strong contractions) which can result in muscle tears and fractures.

Contusions  Hard blow to a muscle which causes anywhere from mild (grade I) or severe (grade III) bruising or bleeding in the muscle at the site of impact.  Treatment: Rest injured part Ice 10-15 minutes q 2-3 hours for 24-36 hours Compress the injured part with ace wrap Elevation of the injured part

Fibromyalgia  Is a syndrome (collection of symptoms)  Defining symptom is chronic muscle pain that lasts more than three months in specific muscles  Other symptoms: fatigue, HA, feelings of numbness and tingling, also joint pain Tx = pain relief and counseling

Rotator Cuff Disease Shin Splints  Inflammation of a group of tendons that fuse together and surround the shoulder joint Cause is repetitive overhead swinging Tx = rest and physical therapy Shin Splints  Injury to the muscle tendons in front of the shin  Occurs with overuse activities such as running  Tx - Take time off from exercise and rest. Use of ice post exercise. Stretching and message