LO: SWBAT describe the connection between DNA and proteins DN: What is a protein? What are the building blocks of proteins? HW: Castle Learning- DNA

Proteins Long chains (polymers) of They are formed from different amino acids. Amino acids 20

REMEMBER The of amino acids influences the proteins shape. The shape of a protein gives it it’s sequence function

DNA-PROTEIN CONNECTION contain coded information This information is used to make that are required for it’s shape and function. Genes proteins

Where does protein synthesis take place? RIBOSOMES

Ribosomes construct proteins bases on the cell’s code. Parent and offspring produce similar - that is why there is between them. They produce similar genetic Characteristics/traits resemblance proteins

Proteins are made using a person’s (DNA) In order to do this, is used genetic code RNA

A pairs up with U (uracil) RNA stranded. Nitrogenous bases are: A- adenine U- uracil C- cytosine G- guanine Ribonucleic Acid Ribose (sugar) single Instead of T (thymine), A pairs up with U (uracil)

**T from the DNA strand will still pair up with Fill in the RNA strand: DNA : C A G A T G T A A C T G T A A C T RNA : G U C U A C A U U G A C A U U G A **T from the DNA strand will still pair up with on the RNA strand, but A on the DNA strand will pair up with on the RNA strand. http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/translation/translation.htm A U

There are two types of RNA. Both of them help with protein synthesis

Messenger RNA (mRNA) Copies genetic code from DNA This is called Brings code to *** remember, when it copies the code from DNA, A will pair up with - there will not by any in RNA. DNA transcription ribosome U T

Transfer RNA (tRNA) amino acids translation Brings to the ribosome for protein assembly. This is called amino acids translation

Comparing DNA and RNA single stranded smaller Double stranded larger BOTH RNA single stranded smaller Double stranded larger Genetic information uracil thymine Nucleic Acid ribose deoxyribose Nucleotides (sugar, phosphate, base) 2 types mRNA and tRNA nucleus

1. DNA controls cellular activities most directly by coding for the synthesis of a. inorganic compounds c. carbohydrates b. enzymes d. fatty acids 2. Which base is normally found in the synthesis of RNA but not in the synthesis of DNA? a. adenine c. uracil b. cytosine d. guanine 3.The care of a virus may contain either DNA or RNA. To identify which nucleic acid is present, a biochemist could chemically analyze the virus for the presence of a. guanine c. cytosine b. ribose d. phosphate

4. Which of the following nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides? a. DNA only c. Messenger RNA only b. Transfer RNA only d. DNA, mRNA, and tRNA 5. one similarity between DNA and mRNA is that they both contain a. the same sugar c. uracil b. double stranded polymers d. genetic code based on sequences of bases