LESSON OBJECTIVES/ GOALS/ SWBAT STANDARD(S) ADRESSED: 11.4 Students trace the rise of the United States to its role as a world power in the twentieth century. LESSON OBJECTIVES/ GOALS/ SWBAT Describe U.S. involvement in Puerto Rico. Identify causes and effects of the Philippine-American War. Explain the purpose of the Open Door Policy in China. Summarize the views regarding U.S. imperialism.

A BULLDOG ALWAYS Commitment Attitude CARES Respect Encouragement Safety

Acquiring New Lands Section 3 In the early 1900s, the United States engages in conflicts in Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Philippines. NEXT

Acquiring New Lands Ruling Puerto Rico Military Rule 3 SECTION Acquiring New Lands Ruling Puerto Rico Military Rule During Spanish-American War, General Nelson A. Miles occupies island Puerto Rico under military control People split on independence, statehood, self-government under U.S. NEXT

SECTION 3: ACQUIRING NEW LANDS The U.S had to decide how to rule the new lands Puerto Rico wanted their independence– but the U.S. had other plans Puerto Rico was important to the U.S. strategically The U.S. set up a civil government, full citizenship, and a bicameral system

Acquiring New Lands Ruling Puerto Rico Return to Civil Government 3 SECTION Acquiring New Lands Ruling Puerto Rico Return to Civil Government PR strategic as post in Caribbean, for protection of future canal 1900, Foraker Act sets up civil government - president appoints governor, upper house 1917, Puerto Ricans made U.S. citizens; elect both houses NEXT

Chapter 10 Section 3 A – Why was Puerto Rico important to the United States? Puerto Rico was strategically important to the US, both for maintain a presence in the Caribbean and for protecting a future canal that the Americans wanted to build across the isthmus of Panama.

Chapter 10 Section 3 Guided Reading: Puerto Rico 1898-1916 What was its relationship to the U.S.? very similar to that of a colony or protectorate Why did the U.S. try to control its affairs? its location was of strategic importance to the US What laws and policies affected its relationship with the U.S.? Treaty of Paris; Foracker Act; Imperialist policies What violent events affected its relationship with the U.S.? Spanish-American War

Cuba and the United States 3 SECTION Cuba and the United States American Soldiers U.S. recognizes Cuban independence from Spain Teller Amendment says U.S. has no intention of taking over Cuba After war U.S. occupies Cuba; has same officials in office as Spain - Cuban protestors imprisoned or exiled American military government helps rebuild the country Continued . . . NEXT

3 SECTION continued Cuba and the United States Platt Amendment U.S. makes Cuba add Platt Amendment to its 1901 constitution Platt Amendment does not allow Cuba to go into debt; also stipulates - no treaties that let foreign power control land - U.S. has right to intervene - U.S. can buy, lease land for navy • Protectorate—country whose affairs partly controlled by stronger one Continued . . . NEXT

CUBA AND THE UNITED STATES The Treaty of Paris granted full independence to Cuba The U.S signed an agreement with Cuba known as the Platt Amendment 1903 Key features of “Platt” included the right of the U.S. to maintain naval stations on the island and the right to intervene in Cuban affairs Cuba had become a “protectorate” of the U.S. Today the U.S. has a prison in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba

Protecting American Business Interests 3 SECTION continued Cuba and the United States Protecting American Business Interests U.S. wants strong political presence to protect American businesses Some object to colonial entanglements, do not think colonies needed U.S. state department continues to push for control of Latin America NEXT

Chapter 10 Section 3 Guided Reading: Cuba 1989-1903 What was its relationship to the U.S.? Protectorate: very similar to colony status Why did the U.S. try to control its affairs? to protect American business What laws and policies affected its relationship with the U.S.? Plat Amendment; imperialist policies What violent events affected its relationship with the U.S.? Spanish-American War

Filipinos Rebel Philippine-American War 3 SECTION Filipinos Rebel Philippine-American War Filipinos outraged at Treaty of Paris call for annexation 1899, Emilio Aguinaldo leads fight for independence against U.S. U.S. forces Filipinos to live in designated zones in poor conditions - white U.S. soldiers see Filipinos as inferior - black troops troubled at spreading prejudice 20,000 Filipinos die in fight for independence NEXT

THE WAR IN THE PHILIPPINES U.S. forces surprised Spain by attacking the Spanish colony of the Philippines 11,000 Americans joined forces with Filipino rebel leader Emilo Aguinaldo By August, 1898 Spain had surrendered to the U.S. in Manila

Chapter 10 Section 3 B What were the aims of the Filipinos? Filipinos wanted independence What were the aims of the Americans? Americans wanted to govern the islands.

U.S. troops fire on rebels FILIPINOS REBEL Filipinos reacted with rage to the American annexation Rebel leader Emilio Aguinaldo vowed to fight for freedom and in 1899 he led a rebellion The 3-year war claimed 20,000 Filipino rebels, 4,000 American lives and $400,000,000 (20x the price the U.S. paid for the land) U.S. troops fire on rebels

Filipinos Rebel Aftermath of the War 3 SECTION Filipinos Rebel Aftermath of the War U.S. president appoints governor who appoints upper house - people elect lower house July 4, 1946, Philippines become independent NEXT

Chapter 10 Section 3 Guided Reading: The Philippines 1898-1945 What was its relationship to the U.S.? Similar to Protectorate and colony Why did the U.S. try to control its affairs? to provide the US with raw material and new markets What laws and policies affected its relationship with the U.S.? Treaty of Paris; Removal policy; Imperialist policies What violent events affected its relationship with the U.S.? Spanish-American War; Phillipine-American War

Foreign Influence in China 3 SECTION Foreign Influence in China U.S. Interest in China U.S. sees China as vast potential market, investment opportunity France, Britain, Japan, Russia have settlements, spheres of influence Continued . . . NEXT

FOREIGN INFLUENCE IN CHINA Foreign nations were opening the door to China’s trade China was a vast potential market for American products Weakened by war and foreign intervention, many European countries had colonized in China In 1889, John Hay, U.S. Secretary of State, issued the Open Door Policy which outlined his plan for free trade among nations in China

Foreign Influence in China 3 SECTION Foreign Influence in China John Hay’s Open Door Notes U.S. Secretary of State John Hay issues Open Door notes Notes ask imperialist nations to share trading rights with U.S. Other powers reluctantly agree Continued . . . NEXT

The Boxer Rebellion in China 3 SECTION continued Foreign Influence in China The Boxer Rebellion in China • Europeans dominate most large Chinese cities • Chinese form secret societies, including Boxers, to expel foreigners • Boxers kill hundreds of foreigners, Chinese converts to Christianity • U.S., Britain, France, Germany, Japan put down Boxer Rebellion NEXT

BOXER REBELLION European nations dominated China’s cities Resentment arose in the form of secret societies determined to rid China of these “foreign devils” The Boxer’s were a secret group that rioted in 1900, killing and vandalizing all things foreign Foreign Troops were called in to put down this “Boxer Rebellion”

Protecting American Rights 3 SECTION continued Foreign Influence in China Protecting American Rights Hay issues new Open Door notes saying U. S. will keep trade open Open Door policy reflects beliefs about U.S. economy: - growth depends on exports - U.S. has right to keep markets open - closing of area threatens U.S. survival NEXT

AMERICANS PROTECT RIGHTS IN ASIA After the Boxer Rebellion, John Hay again issued a series of Open Door Policies These policies reflected American beliefs in the importance of exports, the right of America to intervene to keep foreign markets open, and the belief that America’s survival depended on access to foreign markets

Chapter 10 Section 3 C – Why did the Secretary of State John Hay issue the policy statements known as the Open Door notes? To protect American access to Chinese markets and to help maintain the independence of China.

The Impact of U.S. Territorial Gains 3 SECTION The Impact of U.S. Territorial Gains The Anti-Imperialist League McKinley’s reelection confirms most Americans favor imperialism Anti-Imperialist League has prominent people from different fields For various reasons, agree wrong to rule others without their consent NEXT

Chapter 10 Section 3 Guided Reading: China 1900 What was its relationship to the U.S.? Trading partner Why did the U.S. try to control its affairs? to establish and protect new markets What laws and policies affected its relationship with the U.S.? Open Door policy; Imperialist policies What violent events affected its relationship with the U.S.? Boxer Rebellion

Chapter 10 Section 3 Guided Reading: John Hay’s “Open Door notes” paved the way for greater U.S. influence in Asia. What were the 3 beliefs held by Americans that were reflected by the Open Door policy? The U.S. economy relied on exports to ensure growth. The U.S. had the right to intervene abroad to keep foreign markets open to it. U.S. survival was threatened by the closing of an area to American products, citizens, or ideas.

Why was the U.S. Interested in events in Puerto Rico? Puerto Rico was seen as a gateway to safeguard the Panama Canal it envisioned being built.

Chapter 10 Section 3 Guided Reading: Puerto Rico 1898-1916 Cuba 1989-1903 The Philippines 1898-1945 China 1900 What was its relationship to the U.S.? very similar to that of a colony or protectorate Protectorate: very similar to colony status Similar to Protectorate and colony Trading partner Why did the U.S. try to control its affairs? its location was of strategic importance to the US to protect American business to provide the US with raw material and new markets to establish and protect new markets What laws and policies affected its relationship with the U.S.? Treaty of Paris; Foracker Act; Imperialist policies Plat Amendment; imperialist policies Treaty of Paris; Removal policy; Imperialist policies Open Door policy; Imperialist policies What violent events affected its relationship with the U.S.? Spanish-American War Spanish-American War; Phillipine-American War Boxer Rebellion John Hay;s “Open Door notes” paved the way for greater U.S. influence in Asia. What were the 3 beliefs held by Americans that were reflected by the Open Door policy? The U.S. economy relied on eXports to ensure growth. The U.S. had the right to intervene abroad to keep foreign markets open to it. U.S. survival was threatened by the closing of an area to _American prod­ ucts, citizens, or ideas.