TEKNIK INSINERASI
Cara paling aman digunakan untuk memusnahkan limbah B3 organik. Kelemahan : mahal dan izin yang sulit. Limbah organik hidrokarbon terklorinasi seperti : PCB dan pestisida PCB pembakaran minimum suhu 1200oC Pestisida pembakaran minimum suhu 1200oC, waktu retensi tergantung fase limbah.
Suhu pembakaran
Faktor penentu pilihan incinerator Minimum suhu 1200oC Memusnahkan limbah semi padat Sistem feeding yang baik. Abu bentuk padat Residu dari bahan toksik harus minimal Pencampuran dengan baik.
Jenis Insinerator Liquid Injection Incinerator Rotary Klin Fluidized Bed Multiple Heart
Liquid Injection Incinerator The liquid injection process involves wastes being atomised with high-pressure air or steam and burned in suspension These units have been used in the destruction of PCBs, solvents, still and reactor bottoms, polymer wastes and pesticides Materials that are not likely to be treated are heavy metal wastes and wastes high in organics
Rotary Kiln Rotary kiln processes involve wastes being burned in a rotating refractory cylinder Rotary kilns are capable of treating PCBs, tars, obsolete munitions, polyvinyl chloride wastes and bottoms from solvent reclamation operations The limitations include the susceptibility to thermal shock, the high degree of maintenance, the need for additional air due to leakage, the high particulate loadings, and the high capital cost for installation.
Fluidized Bed The process consists of a waste being injected into an agitated bed of heated inert particles. The bed usually comprises sand supportd by a perforated metal plate The most typical types of wastes being treated in fluidized beds are slurries and sludge
Additionally, this method of treatment has been used for pharmaceutical wastes, phenolic wastes and methyl methacrylate . The advantages of fluidised bed incinerators : simple design minimal formation of oxides of nitrogen, long incinerator life the ability to trap some gases in the bed, thus reducing the need for air emission controls
The disadvantages include the difficulty in removing residual materials from the bed, a relatively low throughput capacity, the difficulty in handling residues and ash from the bed, and the relatively high operating costs.
Multiple Heart Furnace The multiple hearth incinerator is a system in which wastes descend through several grates to be burned in increasingly hotter combustion zones. This system can be used for the disposal of all forms of combustible industrial waste materials including sludges, tars, solids, liquids and gases.
The principal advantages of multiple hearth incineration include high residence time for sludge and low volatile materials, ability to handle a variety of sludges, ability to evaporate large amounts of water, high fuel efficiency and the utilization of various fuels.
The greatest disadvantages of the multiple hearth incinerator include susceptibility to thermal shock, inability to handle wastes containing ash (which fuses into large rocklike structures) and wastes requiring very high temperatures. This type of incinerator also has high maintenance and operating costs.
Gas Emission NOx SOx CO Partikulat Logam Dioxin dan Furan
Suhu 2000oF dengan excess air 50% dan waktu retensinya 2,1 detik Suhu 2000oF dengan excess air 50% dan waktu retensinya 2,1 detik. Flow rate gas (flue gas) dari incinerator adalah 12500 dscfm. Konsentrasi O2 di flue gas 7%. Karakteristik limbah yang diinsenerasi
Thermal treatment Cilengsi, Bogor
Hazardous waste incinerator in Ostrava (Czech republic), which burns PCBs. Zobrazeno: 206 - last: Jul 14, 2007
Hazardous waste incinerator in Plzen - Slovany (Czech republic). Zobrazeno: 147 - last: Jul 9, 2007
Thermal treatment Cilengsi, Bogor
Hazardous waste incinerator in Ostrava (Czech republic), which burns PCBs. Zobrazeno: 206 - last: Jul 14, 2007
Hazardous waste incinerator in Plzen - Slovany (Czech republic). Zobrazeno: 147 - last: Jul 9, 2007