Activity 73: Introduced Species

What is an introduced species? A species that has been moved by humans from its normal habitat to a new habitat, either intentionally or by a mistake Also often referred to as invasive species

Example of Introduced Species: Nile Perch

Nile Perch Notes Name of organism Lake Victoria perch (formerly Nile Perch) Lates niloticus Order – Perciformes Class – Osteichthyes (boney fish) Phylum – Chordata Kingdom - Animalia Distribution Native to Lake Chad, Nile River, Zaire River, and Niger River Introduced to Lake Victoria in the 1950s Now present in huge numbers throughout Lake Victoria Effects on people Huge increase in food availability for locals Decline in smaller fisheries and increase in large fishing operations Increase in fish exports, providing more money and jobs Effects on ecosystems Extinction of 200 species of cichlids Four-fold increase in algae levels, which has reduced oxygen availability in the lake Increase in the number of insects (prey for cichlids) Deforestation (wood needed to process Nile Perch) Position in the food web Predator of small fish such as cichlids Nile Perch’s only predator are people Reasons for success No natural predators in Lake Victoria Large, powerful fish – easily caches fish and shrimp native to Lake Victoria Issues in the future Governments and many local people do not wish to remove Nile Perch Population of Nile Perch may change depending on its food availability

Websites used for Nile Perch http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Lates_niloticus.htm

Task Use the worksheet provided to record your notes on your introduced species Use the websites identified within the webquest Create a wanted poster using the template provided on the P: Drive

Rubric for grading: Communicating Skills Level 4 Above and Beyond – 12/10pts Student accomplishes level 3 response and enhances answer such as providing additional images, diagrams or facts Level 3 Complete and Correct 10/10pts Student communicates ideas clearly with no technical errors (grammar, spelling or sentence structure). Level 2 Almost there 8/10pts Student may have several technical errors (grammar, spelling or sentence structure) but the errors DO NOT prevent the audience from understanding the message Level 1 On your way 6/10pts Students communication is unclear or too many technical errors (grammar, spelling or sentence structure) seriously distracts the audience from understanding the message Level 0 Redo 0/10pts Students’ response is missing, illegible or irrelevant

Asian Carp https://www.nwf.org/Wildlife/Threats-to-Wildlife/Invasive-Species/Asian-Carp.aspx http://newsfeed.time.com/2010/06/24/carp-pocalypse-the-great-lakes-asian-carp-invasion-begins/ http://www.asiancarp.us/faq.htm

Asian Longhorn Beetle http://www.uvm.edu/albeetle/ http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/jun00/asian0600.htm https://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/habitats/forests/explore/asian-longhorned-beetle.xml

Asian Tiger Mosquito http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/s_694039.html http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/pctigermosquito.htm http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/aquatic/asian_tiger.htm

Brown Tree Snake https://www.britannica.com/animal/brown-tree-snake http://wiki.kidzsearch.com/wiki/Brown_tree_snake https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/animals/bts.shtml

Burning Bush (Winged Euonymus) http://landscaping.about.com/od/landscapingshrubsbushe1/p/burning_bush.htm http://www.ecolandscaping.org/04/invasive-plants/winged-euonymus-an-exotic-invasive-plant-fact-sheet/ https://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/pubs/midatlantic/eual.htm

Canadian Geese http://www.dec.ny.gov/animals/7003.html http://dnr2.maryland.gov/wildlife/Pages/plants_wildlife/Canada_Goose.aspx https://www.michigan.gov/dnr/0,4570,7-153-10370_12145_25065-59467--,00.html

Common Teasel https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/teasel.shtml http://www.fs.usda.gov/detailfull/r3/forest-grasslandhealth/invasivespecies/?cid=stelprdb5420896&width=full

Emerald Ash Borer http://ento.psu.edu/extension/trees-shrubs/emerald-ash-borer http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/disturbance/invasive_species/eab/biology_ecology/planipennis/

European Starling https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/animals/eurostarling.shtml http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1958657_1958656_1958664,00.html

Feral Pigs http://blog.pennlive.com/wildaboutpa/2009/01/pennsylvania_protects_wild_hog.html http://wildpiginfo.msstate.edu/ http://extension.psu.edu/natural-resources/forests/news/2014/feral-swine-in-pennsylvania

Garlic Mustard https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/garlicmustard.shtml http://www.kingcounty.gov/environment/animals-and-plants/noxious-weeds/weed-identification/garlic-mustard.aspx

Golden Bamboo https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/goldenbamboo.shtml https://plants.ifas.ufl.edu/plant-directory/phyllostachys-aurea/

Greenbrier (Round Leaf Greenbrier) https://www.invasiveplantatlas.org/subject.html?sub=6428 http://www.bio.brandeis.edu/fieldbio/Verrill_Wolf/pages/Roundleaf_greenbriar.html

Honeysuckle https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/honeysuckle.shtml http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/invasives/terrestrialplants/woody/exotichoneysuckles.html

Hydrilla http://www.nyis.info/?action=invasive_detail&id=16 https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/aquatics/hydrilla.shtml

Japanese Barberry http://www.ecolandscaping.org/11/invasive-plants/japanese-barberry-exotic-invasive-plant-fact-sheet/ https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/barberry.shtml

Japanese Beetles http://ento.psu.edu/extension/factsheets/japanese-beetle http://www.orkin.com/other/beetles/japanese-beetles/

Japanese Knotweed https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/knotweed.shtml http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/faja1.htm

Japanese Stilt Grass https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/stiltgrass.shtml https://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/indiana/journeywithnature/japanese-stiltgrass.xml

Kudzu http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/indiana/journeywithnature/kudzu-invasive-species.xml https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/kudzu.shtml

Multiflora Rose http://www.nyis.info/index.php?action=invasive_detail&id=33 https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/multiflorarose.shtml

Mute Swans http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/invasives/terrestrialanimals/muteswan/index.html http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/06/0605_030605_muteswan.html

Norway Rat http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/tmot1/rattnorv.htm http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/pcnorwayrat.htm

Nutria http://nutria.com/site.php http://en.mercopress.com/2009/08/02/south-americas-nutria-one-of-the-worst-invasive-species-in-us-wetlands http://www.wetland.org/education_nutria.htm

Purple Loosestrife https://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/pubs/midatlantic/lysa.htm https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/aquatics/loosestrife.shtml

Pythons http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/02/080223111456.htm http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/06/0603_040603_invasivespecies.html http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2009/07/08/tech/main5144502.shtml

Snakehead Fish http://www.chesapeakebay.net/fieldguide/critter/northern_snakehead https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/invasive-fish-expands-territory-this-is-just-absolutely-something-we-didnt-want-to-happen/2015/08/05/75e5fe3c-3afc-11e5-b3ac-8a79bc44e5e2_story.html

Sparrows http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Passer_domesticus.htm http://nestwatch.org/learn/all-about-birdhouses/managing-house-sparrows-and-european-starlings/

Stink Bugs http://ento.psu.edu/extension/factsheets/brown-marmorated-stink-bug https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/animals/stinkbug.shtml

Zebra Mussels https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/08/meet-the-invasive-pest-fueling-lake-eries-toxic-algae-bloom/452955/ http://www.agri.ohio.gov/Public_Docs/Pest_Study_Material/3b%20Zebra%20Mussels%20in%20Lake%20Erie.pdf https://www.nwf.org/Wildlife/Threats-to-Wildlife/Invasive-Species/Invasive-Mussels.aspx