European Biotechnology Congress, Bucharest, Romania May 07-09, 2015 Molecular fingerprinting of Romanian resident Bison bonasus in order to avoid inbreeding Calin Mircu, Oana Maria Boldura, Gheorghe Bonca*, Camelia Tulcan, Sorina Popescu, Ioan Huțu 1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine King Mihai I of Romania Timisoara, Romania * Corresponding author email: gheorghebonca@usab-tm.ro Results and Conclusion: The obtained DNA fingerprint is a cost effective, accurate and fast method that can be further used to establish the optimal partners for mating in order to avoid sanguinisation and the parenting relation among members of the herd and offsprings. Our data suggest that among Romanian resident Bison bonasus exemplars, there is a high level of genetic similarity and that the individuals are close blood relatives. However, based on dissimilarity matrix data a genetic distantly related male was identified and suggested as potential sperm donor. Keywords: Bison bonasus, fingerprints, dendrogram, inbreeding Background: Genomic DNA isolated from blood of 14 sampled individuals of Bison bonasus was used in order to obtain a molecular fingerprints and a dendrogram exhibiting the phylogenetic relationship among the individuals.  Methods: Two types of molecular marker systems: Inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and directed amplification of minisatellite region DNA (DAMD) were used with primers for PCR method and development of the DNA fingerprint. The degree of polymorphism was either absent or very low especially in the case of ISSR marker system. Because of their superiority in reveling individual genetic polymorphism, DAMD molecular markers are recommended as first choice for similar studies. Based on molecular data a common binary matrix was developed. Using IBM SPSS Statistic version 22 a dissimilarity matrix and a dendrogram were generated. Acknowledgements: This work was done using facilities from Horia Cernescu Research Unit, in DICES-Ro05 - POSCCE 145 project. European Biotechnology Congress, Bucharest, Romania May 07-09, 2015