INDIA “New Delhi” The Crash Course!!!!!!

Sub continent - Large landmass thats like it’s own smaller continent.

Geography/Climate Mountains: Himalayas - Hindu Kush Water: Ganges - Indus - Saraswati Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean, Bay of Bengal Monsoons: Winter (NE) and Summer (SW)

Aryans take over Nomads from the Hindu Kush mountains moved south into India. Caste System: class society system developed by Aryans. (Brahmin, Ksatriya, Vaisya, Sudra, Untouchables.) 1. Priests/teachers 2. Rulers/warriors/nobles 3. Bankers/farmers 4.Artisans/laborers 5. Sweepers/funeral workers. Developed Sanskrit as an oral and later written language.

CASTE RULES Aryans Developed Sutras or guides for the caste system. People could not marry outside their class And you could not eat with someone outside your class. If you broke the rules you became an Untouchable! This lead to arranged marriages within classes.

Religions ATMAN: Word for SOUL Hinduism: Brahma (the creator), Vishnu (the protector), Shiva (the destroyer) The goal is to break out of the illusion world and join Brahman, the universal spirit. Reincarnation: Multiple lives in varying forms. Cow being the highest form. Vegetarians Karma: Deeds weather good or evil determine if the next life is in a higher or lower form. According to Hinduism, there are many paths to reach God. Acts such as meditation and yoga can bring you closer to god.

Buddhism “Dharma” : The true nature of things Ahimsa: policy of “nonviolence.” Siddhartha Gautama: The original “Buddha” Four Nobel Truths: 1. People suffer cause their minds arn’t at ease. 2. Minds aren’t at ease because we don’t have what we want. 3. People can stop suffering by not wanting. 4. stop desire by the eightfold path. 8 fold path: having right opinions, desires, speech, actions, job, effort, concentration, and meditations. Nirvana: means the end of suffering.

Buddha: “Enlightened One”

Innovations/inventions/ art/trade murals, sculptures, poems- “Kalidasa” Numeral system we use today, decimal system, and the symbol for “0” Hindu-Arabic Numerals Ayurvedic Medicine: promotes healthy diet and exercise. 5 elements: space, fire, air, water, and earth. Modern-Day Essential Oils. Metallurgy: skilled workers of metal materials. Trade: Sold - cotton and ivory. Bought - Chinese silk

Mahatma: Means “Holy Man” Ahimsa: is Sanskrit for “nonviolence”. Mohandas Gandhi Mahatma: Means “Holy Man” Ahimsa: is Sanskrit for “nonviolence”. Nonviolent leader that fought against British rule of India. He inspired Martin Luther King Jr. in the 50’s and 60’s.

Other facts

Weddings Steeped in many traditions including: 1. An offering of roasted grain into a sacrificial fire. 2. The “7 steps of unity” that are taken by the newly weds as a symbol of their lives together.

Taj Mahal

Rudyard Kipling The Jungle Book British poet and writer