Introduction To Synthetic Fibres

Natural Fibres Natural fibre, any hair like raw material directly obtainable from an animal, vegetable, or mineral source and convertible into nonwoven fabrics such as felt or paper or, after spinning into yarns, into woven cloth. A natural fibre may be further defined as an agglomeration of cells in which the diameter is negligible in comparison with the length. Although nature abounds in fibrous materials, especially cellulosic types such as cotton, wood, grains, and straw, only a small number can be used for textile products or other industrial purposes. By- Nalin Kapoor

Sources By- Nalin Kapoor Categories description Seed fibre Fibres collected from seeds or seed cases. e.g. cotton and kapok Leaf fibre Fibres collected from leaves. e.g., sansevieria, , sisal, banana  and agave. Bast fibre Fibres are collected from the skin or bast surrounding the stem of their respective plant. These fibres have higher tensile strength than other fibres. Therefore, these fibres are used for durable yarn, fabric, packaging, and paper. Some examples are flax, jute, , industrial hemp, ramie, rattan, and vine fibres. Skin fibre Fruit fibre Fibres are collected from the fruit of the plant, e.g. coconut fibre. Stalk fibre Fibres are actually the stalks of the plant. E.g. straws of wheat, rice, barley, and other crops including bamboo and grass. Tree wood is also such a fibre.

SYNTHETIC FIBRES Synthetic fibres are small units of chemicals joined together in the form of chain. The chain so formed is called polymer. Polymer is a Greek work in which ‘poly’ means many and ‘mer’ means units. Thus, polymer means ‘made of many units joined together’. Characteristic of Synthetic Fibre 1.Synthetic fibres are cheaper than natural fibre. 2.Synthetic fibres are stronger than natural fibre. 3.Synthetic fibres are more durable than natural fibre. 4.It is easy to maintain the synthetic fibres. By- Nipun Bhagat

Advantages Of Synthetic fibres Synthetic fibres do not depend either on an agricultural crop or on animal farming. They are generally cheaper than natural fibre. Synthetic fibres possess unique characteristics which make them popular dress material. They dry up quickly, are durable, readily available and easy to maintain. More stain resistant than natural fibres By- Nalin Kapoor

POLYMERS By - Shanmathi A polymer is a large molecule composed of many repeated subunits, known as monomers. Because of their broad range of properties,  both synthetic and natural polymers play an essential and ubiquitous role in everyday life.  Polymers range from familiar synthetic plastics such as polystyrene (or styrofoam) to natural biopolymers such as DNA and proteins that are fundamental to biological structure and function. By - Shanmathi

MONOMERS Monomers are small molecules, mostly organic, that can join with other similar molecules to form very large molecules, or polymers. All monomers have the capacity to form chemical bonds to at least two other monomer molecules. By- Nipun Bhagat