Physical Structure of GDB Geodatabase Feature datasets Spatial Reference Object classes, subtypes Features classes, subtypes Raster datasets Rasters Relationship classes Geometric networks TIN datasets nodes, edges, faces Planar topologies Locators Domains Addresses, X.Y location ZIP Codes, Place names Validation rules GIS Project

Topology and Annotation Geography KHU Jinmu Choi Topology (4) Map Topology (3) Geometry with Topology (5) Annotation Class (4) Annotation Types (3) Creating Annotation Class (8) Summary, Reviews, and Next… GIS Project

When do you need Topology? When editing coincident features, to maintain the spatial relationships that exist among them For example, when you edit the shared boundary between two land use features, remove a gap To prevent editing errors GIS Project

Purpose of a Topology The primary purpose of a topology is to define spatial relationships between features The primary spatial relationships that you can model using topology are adjacency, coincidence, and connectivity GIS Project

Topological Spatial Relationship Adjacency: to identify which land owners or soil types share a common boundary with each other Coincidence: to identify the bus routes on top of roads Connectivity: to follow a path from the water treatment plant to a house or the flow of water through streams GIS Project

Topology Types There are three types of topology available in a geodatabase: Map topology Geodatabase topology Topology in a geometric network The three types of topology are all similar in that the spatial relationships are based on coincident geometry They differ in how they are created and maintained GIS Project

Creating Map Topology A map topology is created during an edit session You specify which feature classes in a single geodatabase you want to include and, if necessary, change the cluster tolerance The cluster tolerance: how close together features must be in order to be considered coincident The default cluster tolerance: minimum possible cluster tolerance based on the precision of your data GIS Project

Creating Map Topology Once you have created the map topology, spatial relationships are discovered on the fly for the current map extent The geometric relationships in a topology are between the parts of the features rather than the features themselves When you edit features in a topology, the types of geometry that are acted on are edges, nodes, and pseudo-nodes GIS Project

Working with Map Topology Example The shared border between the countries of Chad and Sudan is treated as one element (an edge) in a topology The point where the borders of Chad, Sudan, and Libya come together is also a single element (a node) in a topology Map topology is only effective during an edit session GIS Project

Geometries with Topology Line and polygon topology consists of features with coincident segments Each feature stores all of the coordinates for itself; the geometry for the coincident segments is stored twice in the GDB Point features behave as nodes when they're coincident with other features (stored for each) GIS Project

Editing with Topology After you create a map topology, you have access to all of the topology editing tools in ArcMap (View/Toolbar/Topology) With these tools, to create and maintain coincidence between parts of features Your starting point is the Topology Edit tool After you select an edge or node with this tool, all other topology editing functionality becomes available GIS Project

Editing Nodes and Edges Using the Topology Edit tool, you can modify coincident geometry for two or more features simultaneously Move an edge or node The Topology Edit tool is used to select and drag a node to a new location. The connected edges rubberband to maintain coincidence GIS Project

Editing Nodes and Edges Reshape an edge With the Reshape Edge task selected, the Topology Edit tool ( )is used to select the edge and the Sketch tool is used to reshape it Modify an edge With the Modify Edge task selected, the Topology Edit tool is used to select the edge, add a vertex using a context menu, and move the vertex GIS Project

Editing Nodes and Edges Auto-Complete Polygon Click the Task drop-down list and click Auto-Complete Polygons. Click the target and click the polygon feature class to which you want to add polygons. Click the Sketch tool . Start an edit sketch. Starting from the boundary of an existing polygon, use the Sketch tool to digitize a boundary of the new polygon that will share a boundary with the existing polygon. Right-click anywhere on the map and click Finish Sketch. GIS Project

Show Shared Feature tool Which features share a selected edge or node? Use the Topology Edit tool and the Show Shared Features tool to find out To temporarily remove an element from the topology if you don't want your edits to affect it GIS Project

Why Annotation! The goal of map creation is to effectively communicate info. to the intended audience Adding descriptive text to the map can help you Feature labels can be added using ArcMap's dynamic labeling tool Creating annotation gives you greater flexibility Unlike dynamic feature labels, you can reposition annotation as needed With annotation, the text string, position, and display properties are all stored together and can be individually edited GIS Project

Storing Annotation Annotation can be stored two different ways you can store it as graphic elements in a map doc. You can store it as an annotation class in a geodatabase annotation feature class Annotation class in a annotation feature class can be used over and over again in any map document GIS Project

Annotation Class Annotation feature classes are similar to other geodatabase feature classes Like other feature classes, annotation feature classes have attributes and a spatial reference (polygon) Annotation attributes define how the text is to be displayed Added as a layer to ArcMap GIS Project

Multiple Annotation Classes All annotation feature classes have at least one annotation class An annotation class has a set of properties such as text symbology and alignment Multiple annotation classes within one annotation feature class (With ArcEditor or ArcInfo license) World Water Bodies is an annotation feature class that has three annotation classes In ArcMap, annotation classes display in the Table of Contents Each class can be turned on or off individually GIS Project

Annotation Types There are three types of geodatabase annotation: Standard (or simple) annotation Feature-linked annotation Dimension annotation To create and edit feature-linked and dimension annotation, an ArcEditor or ArcInfo license is needed GIS Project

Standard Annotation Standard annotation feature classes exist independently of other feature classes No permanent relationship exists between the annotation and the features they describe Advantages of Standard annotation To create annotation for the state of a database at different times/conditions The land use for parcels over a period of years To label areas on your map where features don't exist in your database Label the oceans without ocean features in DB GIS Project

Feature-linked Annotation Feature-linked annotation is associated with features in another feature class A composite relationship When you move the geographic features, annotation moves with them If you delete a feature, its annotation is automatically removed If you change the feature attribute used to create the annotation, the annotation text changes as well GIS Project

Creating Annotation In ArcMap: convert label to annotation In ArcCatalog: to create empty annotation class To populate standard annotation feature class Convert label to annotation Manually add annotation using Annotation toolbar To populate feature-linked annotation feature class Use feature property, create new link between annotation class and feature attribute Use Select/Annotate Selected Features command GIS Project

Populate Feature-link Annotation Which features in the linked feature class will be annotated by the empty annotation class How the annotation text strings will be defined based on attributes in the linked feature class How to place new annotation GIS Project

Empty Standard Annotation GIS Project

Empty Standard Annotation GIS Project

Empty F-linked Annotation GIS Project

Empty F-linked Annotation GIS Project

Link Annotation to Attribute GIS Project

Dimension Annotation Dimensions are a special kind of annotation To display specific lengths or distances on a map They are stored as features in dimension feature classes Dimension features are used to show the distances between electric power poles GIS Project

Summary Map Topology Creating Map Topology Annotation Graphics or Annotation Feature Class Annotation Class Types Standard or Feature-linked Annotation class Creating Standard Annotation Creating Feature-linked Annotation GIS Project

Next… Lab. Creating and Editing topology and Annotation in Geodatabase Modeling with Networks GIS Project