Abnormal EEGs were found in 43–75% of autistic children and 82% of their EEGs; 46% had clinical seizures. Nearly all children with seizures had epileptiform.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Epilepsy and Autism Stefanie Jean-Baptiste Berry, MD Pediatric Epileptologist Northeast Regional Epilepsy Group.

Advertisements

Date of download: 6/27/2016 Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Panayiotopoulos Syndrome. A 5-year-old girl with nocturnal GTCS.

Automatisms with preserved responsiveness were observed exclusively during seizures arising from the right nondominant temporal lobe. They were not observed.

Benign infantile seizures are characterized by (1) familial or nonfamilial occurrence; (2) normal development prior to onset; (3) onset mostly during the.

Low Voltage EKG Activity Due to Scalp Edema; High Frequency Jet Respirator Artifact. An 18-day-old boy with diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary hypoplasia,

Scalp Edema and High Frequency Respirator Artifacts

The EEG features and their evolution change with age

In the scalp EEG, slow-wave activity was present in 62%

BHS occur most commonly within the first 18 months of age

Transient Unilateral Attenuation of Background Activity During Sleep

A. “10-20” is a measurement system designed to reliably reproduce electrode positions on different patients, regardless of head size. Electrodes are placed.

The typical EEG of hydranencephaly shows a flat pattern but the EEG of severe hydrocephalus does not demonstrate a flat pattern. Visual evoked potential.

Additional electrodes can be used to supplement the standard System

Fig. 1. Electroencephalogram (EEG) of ictal and interictal state at pre-gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS), and at 30 months after GKS. At pre-GKS, ictal EEG.

A mild and inconsistent asymmetry of photic driving response is frequently seen in normal individuals. An asymmetry in photic driving response may result.

Generalized, frontally predominant, rhythmic fast activity is the most common ictal EEG accompaniment of generalized tonic seizures. Ictal EEG patterns.

Lateralized Background Suppression; Hemiplegic Migraine

Outcomes after surgery, cortical resection, or hemispherectomy in infants with catastrophic focal epilepsy are very good. About 75–78% are seizure-free.

CBZ is the most common antiepileptic drug (AED) causing AED-induced seizure worsening. CBZ can both aggravate and induce new seizure types including absence,

In this patient, the ground electrode was placed on the forehead and the low-impedance active electrode occurred in the occipital region. Therefore, the.

Coccidioidomycosis This disease, caused by the dimorphic fungus Coccidioides immitis, is endemic to the southwestern United States and parts of Central.

Patients with IS caused by FCD frequently develop partial seizures that can precede, be simultaneous with, or follow the cluster of epileptic spasms. Spasms.

PFA may be a reflection of proximity of the epileptogenic zone to the recording electrodes. Seizures arising from the lateral frontal convexity began with.

The scalp EEG is frequently negative or maybe misleading; furthermore, spread of epileptic discharges from the parietal and occipital lobes to frontal.

The “H-response” is a prominent photic driving response at flash rates beyond 20 Hz. In a critical review of the literature, the reported sensitivity of.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (PDH), a deficiency in the E1 (pyruvate dehydrogenase) component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, is one of the.

The causes of OS are symptomatic or organic; the causes of EME can be genetic, metabolic, or entirely unknown. OS causes tonic spasms and partial seizures.

Late posttraumatic epilepsy usually occurs within the first 2 years after the injury. Seizures are believed to originate from a cerebromeningeal scar.26.

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is often associated with severe focal epilepsy. Intraoperative ECoG showed one of the following patterns: (1) repetitive.

MAS develop atonia immediately after a single or a series of 2–3 myoclonic seizures (MS). A sudden loss of tone causes either a drop attack or slight myatonia,

Hye Ihn Kim, Minyoul Baik, Kyoo Ho Cho, Yang-Je Cho, Kyoung Heo

A close relationship exists between heterotopic nodules and cortical regions in bilateral PNH, with an epileptogenic network including both structures.

The SSS phenomenon is defined as a pair of sequential ictal potentials separated by complete or almost complete cessation of seizure activity; the SSS.

Malignant rolandic-sylvian epilepsy (MRSE) differs from BECTS and LKS in its refractoriness to medication, clusters of seizures, change in semiology, and.

The incidence of epilepsy in children with hydrocephalus is approximately 30%. Myelomeningocele carries a low risk at approximately 7%, cerebral malformations.

Epilepsy is an important predictor of poor intellectual outcome in the children with hydrocephalus with shunts. Epilepsy was significantly affected by.

POLG1 mutations should be considered in teenagers and young adults reporting episodic visual symptoms with migraine-like headaches and sudden-onset intractable.

Eye Fluttering During Photic Stimulation

Six hundred and nine patients diagnosed clinically as brain dead were studied; 326 had final cardiac asystole while still being ventilated. The median.

Ohtahara syndrome is a very rare and devastating form of epileptic encephalopathy of very early infancy. Onset of seizures is mainly by 1 month of age.

After the seizure has been viewed using conventional frequencies and muscle activity has been removed, a search for baseline shifts should be performed.

Stroke or hemorrhage is the most common structural abnormality that causes focal clonic or tonic seizures. In addition, focal tonic or clonic seizures.

The extent of the PET hypometabolism may be substantially larger than the electrical focus.55 The relationship between the area of hypometabolism and the.

In this patient, the ground electrode was placed on the forehead and the low-impedance active electrode occurred in the occipital region. Therefore, the.

Patients presenting with clinical features compatible with MAE but with seizure semiology consistent with focal seizure or focal abnormality seen in the.

Photic driving responses in children <6 years are relatively small

As seen in this toddler, most patients present with a history of a brief febrile seizure without any postictal neurologic deficits (the overwhelming majority.

BiPLEDs are PLEDs that are bilateral, generally asynchronous, and differ in amplitude, morphology, repetitive rate, and location. They are most commonly.

Only 23% of the survivors of RSE were normal at follow-up; 34% showed developmental deterioration and 36% developed new-onset epilepsy.230 Mortality is.

ECS is more common in females

Usually, scalp-recorded ictal DC shifts are not successfully recorded because movements during clinical seizures could cause artifacts. They are highly.

Secondarily generalized discharges are a common occurrence with frontal lobe epilepsy. The EEG findings that suggest secondary bilateral synchrony include.

POLG1 mutations should be considered in teenagers and young adults reporting episodic visual symptoms with migraine-like headaches and sudden-onset intractable.

“Zip-like electrical discharges (Zips)” is a common ictal EEG pattern in neonates, which consists of focal episodic rapid spikes of accelerating and decelerating.

The typical EEG in SWS is asymmetric, with local voltage depression and background slowing ipsilateral to the affected hemisphere. This asymmetry may be.

The presence of PDA and depression of beta and alpha activities is supportive of underlying structural abnormalities (both gray and white matter) in the.

POLG DNA testing as an emerging standard of care before instituting valproic acid therapy for pediatric seizure disorders Russell P. Saneto, Inn-Chi.

The best predictor of surgical outcome is the presence of a focal epileptic generator that may or may not include the PNH. Invasive recording is required.

CEEG monitoring detected seizure activity in 19% of patients, and the seizures were almost always nonconvulsive. Coma, age 24 hours of monitoring to detect.

ESES may be the result of a secondary bilateral synchrony

AC is an EEG pattern in the alpha frequency range (8–13 Hz) that occurs with a generalized distribution in a comatose patient. It is monomorphic and does.

Combination of Continuous Polymorphic Delta Activity and FIRDA; Massive Brain Edema with Central Herniation Syndrome. EEG of a 28-month-old girl with a.

Take a detailed history of the description of the event, precipitants, duration, and postevent behavior. Does history suggest an epileptic seizure disorder?

K. van Rijckevorsel Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy

In the study of 120 patients with defective alpha activity by mental arithmetic at Mayo Clinic, 32 patients had Bancaud phenomenon. Associated focal slowing.

An interictal EEG in BFNC was normal and discontinuous, and showed focal or multifocal sharp waves or “théta pointu alternant” pattern. The théta pointu.

Improving Diagnostic Accuracy in Epilepsy

A case of Panayiotopoulos syndrome showing an atypical course

Epilepsy in vacuolating megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts CENGIZ YALÇINKAYA, ADNAN YÜKSEL, SINAN ÇOMU, GÜLHATUN KILIÇ, ÖZLEM.

Immunoglobulin-responsive refractory epilepsy – 3 cases with a similar EEG pattern Sasha Dionisio, Helen Brown, Cecilie Lander, Caroline Airey, Alexander.

Presentation transcript:

Abnormal EEGs were found in 43–75% of autistic children and 82% of their EEGs; 46% had clinical seizures. Nearly all children with seizures had epileptiform activity, but almost 20% of those with spike discharges did not have clinical seizures. Slow-wave abnormalities were more frequent in the autistic individuals. Most epileptic discharges were localized spikes; some had multiple spike foci and, only on rare occasions, generalized spikes; 76.6% of the epileptic discharge foci were in the frontal region, 2.1% in the temporal region, 14.1% in the centro-parietal region, and 6.4% in the occipital region; 55.6% of the frontal spikes were at midline, approximately equal at Fz and Cz. The dipole of midline spikes was in the deep midline frontal region. These results suggest that frontal dysfunction is important in the mechanism and symptoms in autism.206,207 Source: Focal Epilepsy, Atlas of Pediatric EEG Citation: Laoprasert P. Atlas of Pediatric EEG; 2011 Available at: https://neurology.mhmedical.com/DownloadImage.aspx?image=/data/books/1042/lao001_fig_09-100.gif&sec=59080167&BookID=1042&ChapterSecID=59078731&imagename= Accessed: October 28, 2017 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved