Dominant vs. Recessive Dominant = trait that is seen over another portrayed as a capital letter Recessive = only seen if with another recessive gene portrayed as a lower case letter

Dominant vs. Recessive Mom = Rr  one dominant, one recessive Dad = rr  two recessive R = red hair r = blue hair Mom = red hair Dad = blue hair

Heterozygous / Hybrid Made of one Dominant and one Recessive gene Also known as Hybrid Example: Rr

Homozygous Consists of two of the same gene (either dominant or recessive) Example: RR or rr

Homozygous Dominant Made of two dominant genes Example: RR

Homozygous Recessive Made of two recessive genes Example: rr

Genotype vs. Phenotype Genotype = the gene combination Ex: Rr, rr, RR Phenotype: what you physically see Ex: red hair, green eyes, tall, short

Punnett Square A way to determine the percent / chance of the outcome of offspring. Example: A = red hair, a = blue hair Mom = Aa Dad = Aa

Punnett Square Practice