SENSOR FUSION LAB RESEARCH ACTIVITIES PART II: SIGNAL/IMAGE PROCESSING AND NETWORKING Sensor Fusion Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Pramod K. Varshney 335 Link Hall, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244 Email: varshney@ecs.syr.edu Research Highlights Medical Image Processing MAC Performance Optimization Optimization of several important parameters of a wireless MAC protocol (e.g., IEEE 802.11) including transmission range and carrier sensing range A new backoff algorithm for IEEE 802.11 Noise Enhanced Signal Processing To improve system performance, the NESP based approaches keep the existing systems and improve their performance by injecting suitable noise to the input Established the mathematical framework to analyze the NESP effect in signal detection and estimation systems Determined the optimal noise distributions to obtain the best achievable performance Proposed two noise enhanced image processing system frameworks to enhance the performance of image processing systems Region of interests (ROI) Image Enhancement: first determine the ROI and then enhance ROI and suppress the background Noise enhanced image segmentation Iterative Lesion Detection Algorithm Sensor Deployment/Placement Distributed, intelligent, energy-efficient, and self-spreading deployment algorithms are proposed for mobile sensor networks Multi-objective algorithms are designed for optimum sensor placement in specific sensor network applications such as target detection and localization Original Image LSEWRI Segmentation Uniform noise enhanced segmentation Security and Information Assurance Research Capabilities Potential applications and future development of NESP approaches in Radar signal processing, Communications, Image/Video Processing, medical image processing (medical image enhancement, segmentation, lesion detection), Human Sensory Systems (Hearing-Aids, Balance), Acoustic Signal processing ( Voice Activity Detection, Whisper detection) Research Capabilities Development, design and evaluation of remote sensing image processing systems such as Surveillance, Registration, Classification, Change Detection, data compression, feature extraction systems Development, design and evaluation of medical image processing systems such as ROI determination, Lesion Detection, Registration, Fusion, segmentation systems Node Misbehavior in Cooperative Networks Two types of node misbehavior: selfish and malicious An acknowledge-based approach is proposed to detect and prevent routing misbehavior in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) A validation solution is proposed to defend against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks based on the vulnerabilities of IEEE 802.11 MAC Computer and Wireless Networking Securing Sensor Data and Networks A pairwise key pre-distribution scheme A novel random key pre-distribution scheme that exploits deployment knowledge and avoids unnecessary key assignment A witness-based solution that assures the validation of the data sent from data fusion nodes to the base station QoS Routing for Ad Hoc and Mesh Networks Adaptive Dispersity QoS Routing (ADQR) protocol that is capable of discovering multiple disjoint paths with QoS guarantees Fast re-routing algorithm based on signal strength that significantly reduces data flow and QoS disruptions µ= 3 σ= 1 A=1 N = 30, µ= 3 σ= 1 A = 1 Signal: X = A + W(n) Noise Distribution: Test Statistics: Sign Detector Geographic Routing Contention-based Geographic Forwarding (CGF) paradigm that eliminates the use of beaconing scheme in traditional geographic forwarding An analytical framework for performance evaluation of geographic routing On-demand Geographic Forwarding (OGF) protocol for large-scale, highly dynamic, or resource-constrained wireless multi-hop networks Analysis of Remote Sensing Data Block diagram of a WSN for distributed detection using a data fusion node and two witness Registration Mutual Information based registration for different modality images Subspace based Fourier method for fast registration. Performance bounds on image registration. Intelligent Image Registration. Fusion Markov Random Fields (MRF) based image fusion utilizing significant correlation among neighborhood pixels Image fusion performance evaluation based on human vision system (HVS) models Feature extraction, reduction and selection for hyperspectral image( HSI) processing Independent Component Analysis(ICA) based HSI visualization Detection and Classification Support Vector Machines based approaches; MRF based approaches ICA based unsupervised classification Sub-pixel mapping and soft classification. MRF based change detection Concealed weapon detection Applications of remote sensing to ecosystem modeling Distributed Sensor Network Navigation Applications: emergency evacuation, military deployment, area exploration Three main components: danger detection and network awareness, in-network path planning, and distributed guidance for user movement geographic in-network path planning algorithms for sensor network navigation in dynamic hazardous environments Research Capabilities Design and evaluation of new algorithms, protocols, and applications Modeling and optimization of existing algorithms and protocols Network simulation, emulation, and prototyping Fundamental network theory and principles Development of efficient and effective strategies for securing network infrastructure and for protecting critical information Analysis and design of secure protocols and algorithms Navigation of users using a static sensor network in hazardous environments Sensor Fusion Lab