Input, Output, and Storage What Kinds of Peripheral Devices Would Suit Your Needs? Chapter 5

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies 5.1 Input Devices Input device captures information and translates it into a form that can be processed and used by other parts of your computer. Keyboards Pointing devices Game controllers Scanners Styluses Microphones Digital cameras Web cams Good Exercise: Ask students if they can name any other input devices. A hard drive can be classified as both an input device and an output device. SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Overview of Input Devices” and “Other Everyday Input Devices” p. 5.130 Fig. 5-1 ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Input Devices The keyboard is the most common input device. Types of keyboards include: Wireless Multimedia and one-touch access Portable keyboards for PDAs                                                                 SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Keyboards” p. 5.131 Fig. 5-2 ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Pointing Devices Various pointing devices are available Types of pointing devices: Mouse Mechanical mouse Optical mouse Wireless mouse Trackball Touchpad Pointing stick SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Mice” p. 5.132 & P. 5.133 Fig. 5-3 & Fig 5.4 ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

Specialized Input Devices Other types of input devices include: Scanners Styluses Microphones Digital cameras Web cams p. 5.135 Fig. 5-6 ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Scanner Scanner is a light sensitive device that helps you copy or capture images, photos, and artwork that exist on paper. Types of scanners include: Flatbed                                                                     SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Scanners” ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Microphones Microphones are used to input audio Three main types of microphones are: Desktop microphones Headsets Directional microphones Speech recognition is increasingly being included in application software                                                                                                                                     ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Digital Cameras Digital cameras are used to: Download images to a computer Post pictures to the Web Produce videos Resolution is measured in megapixels Higher the resolution, better the image quality, but the more expensive the camera SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Digital Cameras” ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Web Cams Web cam is a video camera that can be used to take images for uploading to the Web ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies 5.2 Output Devices Output devices take information within your computer and present it to you in a form that you can understand Main output devices: Monitors Printers Speakers SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Overview of Output Devices” ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Monitors CRTs Flat-panel displays Gas plasma LCD (liquid crystal display) Passive matrix Active matrix Called TFT (thin film transistor) Separate transistor for every pixel Monitors come in two basic types. CRTs (or cathode ray tubes) are the monitors that look like TV sets. Very heavy Fragile Uses a lot of power. Flat-panel displays are thin, lightweight monitors and take up much less space than CRTs. Use comparatively little power Can run on a notebook battery Not as fragile as CRT monitors The disadvantages of flat-panel Gas plasma displays shine light through gas to make an image. LCD (liquid crystal display) screens shine light through a layer of crystalline liquid to make an image. LCDs are the most usual type of flat panel screens for computers and come in two types: passive matrix and active matrix. Active matrix screens are sometimes referred to as TFT displays. TFT (thin film transistor) are flat panel displays with active matrix screens. Active matrix screens have a separate transistor for every pixel, or dot, on the screen and update faster providing a higher-quality, crisper image. Mention to students that the features they should watch for when evaluating monitors are: Screen size Resolution Dot pitch. SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Monitors” p. 5.137 Fig. 5-9 ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Screen Talk Screen size measured as a diagonal line across the screen – from corner to opposite corner Resolution the number of pixels displayed on the screen (the higher the resolution, the closer together the dots) Pixels (or picture element) dots that make up the image on your screen Dot pitch is the distance between the centers of a pair of like-colored pixels Refresh rate the speed with which a monitor redraws the image of the screen, and is measured in hertz ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Printers Inkjet – most popular Makes images by forcing droplets through nozzles Slower & cheaper than laser printers Laser Forms images using an electrostatic process Can print over 30 pages per minute                                 For desktops and notebook computers, there are three types of printers: Dot matrix (not mentioned in the text because they’re on their way out) Inkjet Printers Inkjet printers are the most popular type of printers. Great for color as well as black and white printouts. Inkjet printers make images by forcing ink droplets through nozzles. The top speed of an inkjet is about 7 ppm (pages per minute). Laser Printers Laser printers usually generate better quality output than inkjets, but they’re also more expensive - especially the color ones. A laser printer forms images using an electrostatic process – the same way a photo copier works. Laser printers print between 3 and 30 pages per minute depending on type. Black-only laser printers have one toner cartridge. Color laser printers require four, which increase the cost of cartridge replacement considerably. ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Printers - Cont Resolution of a printer is the number of dots per inch (dpi) it produces. Higher the resolution, better the image, and usually the more costly the printer                                 For desktops and notebook computers, there are three types of printers: Dot matrix (not mentioned in the text because they’re on their way out) Inkjet Printers Inkjet printers are the most popular type of printers. Great for color as well as black and white printouts. Inkjet printers make images by forcing ink droplets through nozzles. The top speed of an inkjet is about 7 ppm (pages per minute). Laser Printers Laser printers usually generate better quality output than inkjets, but they’re also more expensive - especially the color ones. A laser printer forms images using an electrostatic process – the same way a photo copier works. Laser printers print between 3 and 30 pages per minute depending on type. Black-only laser printers have one toner cartridge. Color laser printers require four, which increase the cost of cartridge replacement considerably. ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Printers - Cont. Multifunction printer: Scan, copy, fax, and print Can be either inkjet or laser Cost less than buying individual units Take up less desk space SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Printers” p. 5.139 Fig. 5-11 ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) Also known as a Palm Computer Can connect to the internet First released in 1984 Once considered high-tech, now almost obsolete ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies 5.3 Storage Devices Storage device stores information to be recalled and used at a later time Storage device consists of: Storage medium Storage device Three major technology types for information storage: Magnetic Optical or laser Flash memory                                 Ask students to give you other examples of storage devices. SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Storage Concepts” ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Storage Medium Terms Byte Kilobyte (KB) Megabytes (MB) Gigabytes (GB) Terabytes (TB) Petabyte (PB) Exabyte (EB) = 8 bits ≈ 1 Thousand Bytes ≈ 1 Million Bytes ≈ 1 Billion Bytes ≈ 1 Trillion Bytes ≈ 1 quadrillion Bytes ≈ 1 quintillion Bytes ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

Magnetic and Optical Storage Computer storage is either magnetic or optical. p. 5.142 & 5.144 Fig. 5.13 & 5.16 ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

Magnetic Storage Devices: Internal Magnetic Hard Disk Magnetic storage devices can be either internal or external Internal magnetic hard disks are fixed inside the system unit External magnetic hard disks are portable SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Removable Disks” ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

Magnetic Storage Devices: Internal Magnetic Hard Disk Internal hard disk is a magnetic storage device with One or more thin platters that store information sealed inside the disk drive. Read/write heads access the information on surface Heads read information while copying it from disk to RAM Heads write information when copying it from RAM to disk                                                                 A hard disk is a magnetic storage medium, usually fixed inside the system unit, consisting of one or more thin platters or disks that store information. Magnetic storage devices all work on the same basic principal – a thin layer of magnetic iron oxide compound coats either metal or plastic and is magnetized to represent information. Read/write heads access the information on the disk surfaces (both top and bottom) and transfer copies to and from RAM. The heads “read” information while copying it from the storage medium to RAM and “write” it when copying it from RAM to the storage medium. Your hard disk is where you store your operating system and application software long-term. When you start up your system, the operating system instructions are copied from your hard disk into memory. When you launch an application, a copy of the software goes into memory so that the CPU can execute the instructions. The CPU can’t carry out software instructions directly from any storage device; they must go into memory first. ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

Magnetic Storage Devices: External Magnetic Hard Drive External hard drives are magnetic storage media which are portable storage units that you can connect to your computer as necessary Great for backup storage devices Ability to transport your hard drive from one computer to another                                                                 ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Hard Drives Long term storage system and application software Operating system and application software are copied from the hard disk to memory Capacity measured in gigabytes or terabytes Since the hard disk is where you keep most of your software until you want to use it, and you’ll probably add new software from time to time It’s generally advisable to get a hard disk as big as you can afford. Hard disk capacity is usually measured in gigabytes, that is, billions of characters. ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Optical Storage CDs DVDs Both are optical storage and have three formats: Read-only Write-once Read-and-write Optical storage comes in two capacities… a CD holds up to a maximum of about 800 MB. a DVD holds from 4.7 GB to 17 GB depending on whether it uses both sides and whether the side(s) have one or two layers available for storage ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Optical Storage Media Read-Only CD-ROM DVD-ROM One-Time Writable CD-R DVD-R DVD+R Fully Read-and-Write CD-RW DVD-RW or DVD+RW or DVD-RAM Read-Only Optical Storage Media - read-only means you can’t write to it or change it. CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory) is an optical or laser disc whose information cannot be changed once it has been created. DVD-ROM is an optical storage medium whose information can’t be changed, but which has a larger capacity than a CD-ROM. One-Time Writable Optical Storage Media CD-R (compact disc – recordable) is an optical disc to which you can write information once. DVD-R (DVD – recordable) is an optical disc to which you can write one time only and which has a higher capacity than a CD. Fully Read-and-Write Optical Storage Media CD-RW (compact disc – rewritable) is a compact disc storage medium that allows you to save, change, and delete files. DVD-RW (also called DVD-RAM or DVD+RW by different manufacturers) is an optical storage medium that allows you to save, change, and delete files but which has a larger capacity than a CD-RW. SimNet Concepts Support CD: “CDs and DVDs” ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Flash Memory Cards Flash memory cards have high-capacity storage laminated inside a small piece of plastic Flash flash memory cards do not need a drive with moving parts to operate                                                                                                                                                                                                          Many students are familiar with this type f memory card as they are popular with the appliances that young students like to purchase. – i.e., MP3 players, digital cameras. ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies Flash Memory Talk CompactFlash (CF) xD-Picture Card (xD) SmartMedia (SM) Card SecureDigital (SD) card and MultiMediaCards (MMC) Memory Stick Media ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies

Flash Memory Card Readers Some devices have flash memory slots into which you slide your flash memory card Other devices can use an external flash memory card reader in order to transfer information A flash memory drive is a flash memory storage medium for a computer that is small enough to fit in your pocket and usually plugs directly into a USB port                                          ©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies