Imperialism

Imperialism What is it? When does it occur? Who’s involved? Extension of a nation’s power over other lands When does it occur? 1870s – 1910s Who’s involved? Great Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, Japan & the U.S.

Causes of U.S. Expansionism 1. Economic interests Desire for new markets & raw materials 2. Military needs Desire for naval bases & coaling stations 3. Ideology Desire to bring Christianity, western-style culture & democracy to other peoples

Ideological Justifications A. Nationalism Love of one’s country Territorial conquests enhanced a nation’s power & prestige B. Cultural Superiority Africa, Asia & Latin America had less industry & urban developed > considered “backward” Social Darwinism

Scramble for Territory European countries controlled vast lands in Africa & Asia; dominated Latin American economy U.S. Manifest Destiny Belief that it is the destiny of the U.S. to expand to the Pacific Ocean

U.S. Expansion - Hawaii Why was the U.S. interested in Hawaii? 1) refueling station (to Asia) at Pearl Harbor 2) sugar How would you describe the annexation process? Bayonet constitution Influence of Sanford B. Dole

US Influence in Asia China Spheres of influence: geographic area where an outside nation exerts special economic or political control Open Door Policy: US policy that proposed equal trading rights in China Boxer Rebellion: Chinese attack foreigners https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3XAYIr0478

U.S. Influence in Asia continued Japan Japan begins to establish its Imperialist Empire with the seizure of Taiwan from China (1895) Led to US pressure to trade which forced Japan to modernize Russo-Japanese War War between Russia & Japan over Manchuria & Korea

U.S. Foreign Policy Theodore Roosevelt Roosevelt Corollary Extension of Monroe Doctrine Military threat if U.S. “territory” threatened Big Stick Policy “Speak softly & carry a big stick”

U.S. Foreign Policy continued William H. Taft Dollar Diplomacy Substituting dollars for bullets Woodrow Wilson Moral Diplomacy War to end all wars War for peace

Written Response Of the three presidential foreign policies discussed, which one do you think was the most effective? Defend your point of view (POV).