Decrease in CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells after pulmonary resection in the treatment of cavity multidrug-resistant tuberculosis Ying E. Wu, Wen Guang Peng,

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Decrease in CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells after pulmonary resection in the treatment of cavity multidrug-resistant tuberculosis Ying E. Wu, Wen Guang Peng, Ying Mu Cai, Gao Zhe Zheng, Geng Long Zheng, Jing Hua Lin, Su Wei Zhang, Ke Li International Journal of Infectious Diseases Volume 14, Issue 9, Pages e815-e822 (September 2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.04.005 Copyright © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Computed tomography (CT) scan of a 53-year-old man with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Preoperative CT scan of the chest in October 2008 (A1, A2): right upper lung cavity shows concurrent aspergilloma. Postoperative CT scan of the chest in April 2009 (postoperative month 6: A3, A4): focus of infection was removed and residual intrapulmonary air-containing space with thick wall. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010 14, e815-e822DOI: (10.1016/j.ijid.2010.04.005) Copyright © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Computed tomography (CT) scan of a 51-year-old female with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Preoperative CT scan of the chest in September 2006 (B1, B2, B3): right lung destroyed and collapsed, the left lung showing scale-up complications. Postoperative CT scan of the chest in May 2007 (postoperative month 6: B4, B5): focus of infection was removed and residual intrapulmonary air-containing space with thick wall. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010 14, e815-e822DOI: (10.1016/j.ijid.2010.04.005) Copyright © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Flow cytometry analyses of CD25+high expression by CD4+ T cells. The lymphocyte gate was generated by use of forward and side-angle scattered light window (FSC/SSC) dot plots (A1). Representative flow cytometry results of surface CD4 and CD25 expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes from a patient with active TB preoperatively (B1), at postoperative month 1 (POM1; C1), and at postoperative month 6 (POM6; D1). L1: CD4−CD25+ cells; L2: CD4+CD25+ cells; L3: CD4−CD25− cells; L4: CD4−CD25+ cells; M1: CD4−CD25+high cells; M2: CD4+CD25+high cells; M3: CD4−CD25−high cells; M4: CD4−CD25+ cells. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010 14, e815-e822DOI: (10.1016/j.ijid.2010.04.005) Copyright © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Flow cytometry analysis of intracellular FoxP3 and surface CD25 expression on CD4+ T cells in patients with tuberculosis (TB). The CD4+ T cells are shown gated (A2). Representative flow cytometry results of intracellular FoxP3 and surface CD25 expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes from a patient with active TB preoperatively (B2), at postoperative month 1 (POM1; C2), and at postoperative month 6 (POM6; D2). G1:CD4+CD25+FoxP3− cells; G2:CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells; G3:CD4+CD25− FoxP3− cells; G4:CD4+CD25− FoxP3+ cells. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010 14, e815-e822DOI: (10.1016/j.ijid.2010.04.005) Copyright © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Percentage of CD4+ cells, CD4+CD25+ cells, and CD4+CD25− cells in non-infected control subjects (CTRL; n=10), and in patients with cavity MDR-TB (n=13) pre- and postoperatively: preoperative, postoperative month 1 (POM1), and postoperative month 6 (POM6). International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010 14, e815-e822DOI: (10.1016/j.ijid.2010.04.005) Copyright © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 The proportion of CD4+CD25+ cells that are CD25high in non-infected controls (CTRL; n=10) and patients with cavity MDR-TB before and after surgery (n=13): preoperative, postoperative month 1 (POM1), and postoperative month 6 (POM6). Horizontal bars indicate median values. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010 14, e815-e822DOI: (10.1016/j.ijid.2010.04.005) Copyright © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 7 The proportion of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells among the CD4+ cells measured by flow cytometry in 10 non-infected control subjects (CTRL) and 13 patients with cavity MDR-TB pre- and postoperatively: preoperative, postoperative month 1 (POM1), and postoperative month 6 (POM6). Horizontal bars indicate median values. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010 14, e815-e822DOI: (10.1016/j.ijid.2010.04.005) Copyright © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 8 The proportion of the CD4+CD25+ cells that are CD25high in patients with cavity MDR-TB pre- and postoperatively (n=13): preoperative, postoperative month 1 (POM1), and postoperative month 6 (POM6). International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010 14, e815-e822DOI: (10.1016/j.ijid.2010.04.005) Copyright © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 9 The proportion of the CD4+CD25+FoxP3+cells in patients with cavity MDR-TB pre- and postoperatively (n=13): preoperative, postoperative month 1 (POM1), and postoperative month 6 (POM6). International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010 14, e815-e822DOI: (10.1016/j.ijid.2010.04.005) Copyright © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 10 Correlation between the proportion of CD4+CD25+high cells and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells (r=0.878, p<0.001). International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010 14, e815-e822DOI: (10.1016/j.ijid.2010.04.005) Copyright © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions