Simple Machines Notes for 14.4

IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER: What type of machine it is depends on how you are using it!

6 Types of Simple Machines Lever Wheel and Axle Inclined Plane Wedge Screw Pulley

All Levers Have 3 Parts Input Arm – distance between input force and fulcrum Output Arm – distance between output force and fulcrum Fulcrum – Fixed point lever rotates around

Classes of Levers First-Class Lever: Fulcrum located between input force and output force Second-Class Lever: Output force is between input force and fulcrum Third-Class Lever: Input force is located between fulcrum and output force

First- Class Second-Class Third-Class

Identify these types of levers: Output 2. Input 1. Output Input Second-Class Third-Class 4. Input 3. Output Output Input First-Class First-Class

Wheel and Axle 2 Disks or cylinders, each with a different radius (they are different sizes) Ex: Car steering wheels and screwdrivers

Inclined Planes Slanted surface on which force moves an object to a different elevation Reduces effort (input) force by increasing distance Ex: Ramps, stairs, mountain roads

Wedge Wedge - V shaped object whose sides are 2 inclined planes sloped toward each other Ex: ax, knife blade, and zipper

Screws An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder

Pulleys Has a rope that fits into a groove in a wheel

3 Types of Pulleys Fixed – A wheel attached in a fixed location Movable – Attached to object moved Pulley System – Combines fixed and movable pulleys

What types of pulleys are these? B. C. A.

Compound Machine Combines 2 or more simple machines Ex: bicycle, car, clock, and washing machines