green synthesis of nanometals using different parts of plantS and the potential of their antibacterial efficacy. SYED MD HUMAYUN AKHTER Department Of Applied Chemistry. AMU ALIGARH.

NANOMATERIAL “They are the panacea of all technical ills.” Any material that has unique or novel properties, due to the Nano scale ( nanometer- scale) structuring. WHY NOVEL? New forms of existing materials with characteristics that differ significantly from familiar or naturally-occurring forms. Nano medicine is referred as applications of nanotechnology for treatment, diagnosis, monitoring and control of biological system.

MOTIVATION The infectious diseases are one of the leading causes of death of children, adolescents and olds . Development of alarming resistance of microbes towards antimicrobial agents is a major global public health problem. Thus, we need to have effective alternate antimicrobials to combat such resistant bugs.

MOTIVATION There has been an alarming increase in the side-effects caused by synthetic drugs encouraging switch over to herbal drugs. According to WHO it is estimated that 4 billion people i.e. 80% of the world population use herbal medicine for primary health care. It is estimated that the global market for herbal products is expected to be $5 Trillion by 2050. Total global herbal market is 62 billion dollars excepted to achieve annual growth rate >6.4% whereas India’s contribution is only one billion dollars. Global Herbal Market

NANOHERBAL DRUGS The growing concern of herbal drugs are their lower bioavailability, increased systemic clearance ,elucidation of metabolic pathway making it a poor candidate for therapeutic use. Nano sized herbal drugs have potential future eliminating the problem associated with plant medicine. Due to their nano size it will help to cross all the barriers increasing the time for prolonged circulation in blood making it fit for effective drug delivery system.

GREEN SYNTHESIS OF METAL NANOPARTICLES To date various toxic chemicals are being used either in the form of reducing agent or stabilizing agent for Nano particle synthesis. Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles has been an emerging highlight of the research in the field of Nano biotechnology and chemistry due to growing need for the development of the environmentally benign technologies especially in material science and medicine. A great deal of effort has been invested into the synthesis of inorganic material especially metal nanoparticles using microorganism and plants . The rate of reduction of metal ions using plant extracts has been observed to be much faster as compared to that with microorganisms besides microorganisms being bio hazardous. .

NANOPARTICLE RECOVERY EXTRACT AND METAL SOLUTION PLANT EXTRACTION FROM PLANT PLANT EXTRACT NANOPARTICLE RECOVERY STIRRING EXTRACT AND METAL SOLUTION

The reduction method using plant extracts is one step, low cost and eco-friendly, hence considered as the most preferred way for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Thus, this method may be included in the class of green technology. Among various nanometals explored so far, nanoparticles of silver, gold, copper, zinc, palladium, titanium, nickel, indium etc. have been prepared by using a wide variety of plant extracts. Silver Nanoparticles ~15 nm in diameter