Era of Good Feelings? Maybe Not

The American System Henry Clay as the architect Second National Bank – easy and abundant credit Protective Tariff of 1816 Internal Improvements – Roads and Canals Plan would tie country together politically and economically Madison vetoed road and canal bills as being un-Constitutional due to states rights State governments ended up building canals and roads – mostly in the North

Erie Canal

Internal Improvements

Era Good Feelings??? President Monroe elected in 1816 Last of the Virginia Dynasty Last Presidential election for the Federalists Rising Nationalism coupled with growing Sectionalism over economic and social issues PANICCCCCC of 1819 – Wild Cat Banks – mostly western and easy credit (Does this sound familiar????) Over-speculation on western land sales

Missouri Compromise Missouri wants statehood in 1819 as slave state Tallmadge amendment – no new slaves and gradual emancipation for Missouri slaves Tallmadge amendment defeated in Senate, but southerners see it as ominous threat to slavery Anti-slavery societies grow in the north Missouri Compromise: Henry Clay Maine as Free state Missouri as Slave State 36, 30 as dividing line for the rest of the Louisiana Purchase

Missouri Compromise

Monroe Doctrine Americans feared growth of monarchies in the aftermath of the French Revolution Democratic rebellions crushed in Italy and Spain Russia’s southward push into Oregon Territory concerned American leaders Latin American revolts against Spain in the New World – Mexico, Venezuela, Bolivia Latin American Revolutionary Leader, Simon Bolivar, the George Washington of South American nationalism British propose joint Anglo-American proclamation Monroe Doctrine (J.Q. Adams) – The Americas were no longer open to future European colonization The U.S. would not interfere in European Affairs Any attempt to interfere in Western Hemisphere would be viewed as an act of aggression against the U.S.

Simon Bolivar

John Q. Adams – Foreign Policy Rush – Bagot Treaty 1817 – Great Britain and the U.S. agree to disarm the Great Lakes Convention of 1818 with Great Britain – Establishment of the northern border of Louisiana Purchase at the 49th parallel Adams Onis Treaty 1819 with Spain – U.S. acquires Florida and Spain’s agreement to give up their claim to Oregon in exchange for U.S. assurance that America would not attempt to acquire Texas and $5 million payment to settle U.S. citizens civil claims against Spain. Monroe Doctrine 1823 - see previous slide Convention of 1824 –Russia agrees to give up their claim to Oregon and sets the northern border of Oregon Territory set at 54, 40 parallel

Convention of 1818 49th parallel became the northern border of the Louisiana Purchase Territory

Oregon Territory The red line indicates 54’40 parallel which was set by the Convention of 1824 treaty with Russia. The U.S. and Britain jointly claimed the territory until an 1846 treaty that divided the territory at the 49th parallel. 54’40 parallel