Interferon-α: A Potentially Effective Treatment for Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia/Myelodysplastic Syndrome after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation  Xiao-Dong Mo, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Lan-Ping Xu, Yu Wang, Chen-Hua Yan, Huan Chen, Yu-Hong Chen, Wei Han, Feng-Rong Wang, Jing- Zhi Wang, Kai-Yan Liu, Xiao-Jun Huang  Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation  Volume 21, Issue 11, Pages 1939-1947 (November 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.06.014 Copyright © 2015 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Diagram of preemptive intervention strategy based on MRD status. The patient who underwent only tapering immunosuppressive therapy (IST) was included in the MRD-positive without intervention group. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2015 21, 1939-1947DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.06.014) Copyright © 2015 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Clinical outcomes according to MRD status and preemptive interventions after HSCT. (A) Cumulative incidence of relapse at 2 years after HSCT: MRD-negative versus MRD-positive without intervention, P < .001; preemptive DLI versus MRD-positive without intervention, P = .018; preemptive IFN-α versus MRD-positive without intervention, P = .027. (B) Cumulative incidence of NRM at 2 years after HSCT: MRD-negative versus MRD-positive without intervention, P = .481; preemptive DLI versus MRD-positive without intervention, P = .069; preemptive IFN-α versus MRD-positive without intervention, P = .342. (C) Probability of DFS at 2 years after HSCT: MRD-negative versus MRD-positive without intervention, P < .001; preemptive DLI versus MRD-positive without intervention, P = .004; preemptive IFN-α versus MRD-positive without intervention, P = .016. The red line represents the MRD-negative group (n = 365); the blue line, the preemptive DLI group (n = 45); the gray line, the preemptive IFN-α group (n = 22); the green line, the MRD-positive without intervention group (n = 26). The patient who received only tapering IST was included in the MRD-positive without intervention group. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2015 21, 1939-1947DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.06.014) Copyright © 2015 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Cumulative incidence of cGVHD at 1 year after preemptive IFN-α and DLI treatments (P < .001). The red solid line represents the DLI group (n = 45); the blue dashed line, the IFN-α group (n = 22). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2015 21, 1939-1947DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.06.014) Copyright © 2015 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Cumulative incidence of relapse (A; P = .514) and NRM (B; P = .985) at 1 year after preemptive IFN-α and DLI treatments. The red solid line represents the DLI group (n = 45); the blue dashed line, the IFN-α group (n = 22). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2015 21, 1939-1947DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.06.014) Copyright © 2015 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Probability of DFS (A; P = .517) and GRFS (B; P = .030) at 1 year after preemptive IFN-α and DLI treatments. The red solid line represents the DLI group (n = 45); the blue dashed line, the IFN-α group (n = 22). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2015 21, 1939-1947DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.06.014) Copyright © 2015 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Supplementary Figure 1 Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2015 21, 1939-1947DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.06.014) Copyright © 2015 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Supplementary Figure 2 Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2015 21, 1939-1947DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.06.014) Copyright © 2015 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions