Kingdom Animalia Notes Chapter 12

What do these have in common?

Animals are: Multicellular eukaryotes Heterotrophic (consumers) Reproduce sexually (usually) Develop from embryos Have specialized parts Are able to move (most)

True or False: Almost all animals reproduce sexually.

Animals with a backbone and a skull are called vertebrates they make up only 3 – 5 % of all animals Animals without a skull and backbone are called invertebrates they make up 95 – 97% of all animals

______________ make up 95 – 97% of all animals on Earth. a. Vertebrates b. Invertebrates c. Mammals d. Insects

Innate behaviors (NOT learned) are. influenced by genes – an animal is Innate behaviors (NOT learned) are . influenced by genes – an animal is born KNOWING how to do something….

While learned behaviors have to be taught or observed –

Speech is innate in humans, but the particular language (English, French….) you speak is learned.

What type of behavior is flying for a bird, or swimming for a fish? A. Learned B. Innate

Animals have THREE body plans:

(( sym = together and metry = measure)) Animals have three types of body plans: 1. bilateral symmetry (bi = 2) 2. radial symmetry (radial = positioned around a central point) 3. asymmetrical ( a = no, not) (( sym = together and metry = measure))

Simple Invertebrates: Sponges are asymmetrical. Have no head, nerves or stomach. Live in water and can regenerate. They use collar cells to filter H2O & eat.

Sponge:

Cnidarians – have radial symmetry and stinging cells to capture prey and defend themselves. Jellyfish, hydra and sea anemones are examples.

CNIDARIANS JELLYFISH HYDRA SEA ANEMONE

Flatworms – simple worms with bilateral symmetry Flatworms – simple worms with bilateral symmetry. Planarians, flukes and tapeworms are examples

Examples of Flatworms: Planaria Tapeworms Flukes

Roundworms – most of these simple worms are parasites - examples Roundworms – most of these simple worms are parasites - examples include: pinworms and hookworms

Roundworm Examples: Pinworms Hookworms

Most of these simple invertebrates are parasites. A. Cnidarians B. Flatworms C. Roundworms D. Vertebrates

Complex Invertebrates: Mollusks are the second largest phylum of animals. They all have a foot, visceral mass, mantle and a shell. Examples of mollusks: clam, squids and snails

Mollusk Examples: Clam Squid Snails

Annelid Worms – these are. segmented worms – like an Annelid Worms – these are segmented worms – like an earthworm, bristleworm and leeches

Earthworms

Arthropods: Arthropods are the largest group of animals on the Earth. 75% of all animals are arthropods. Estimates: Humans on Earth = 6 billion Arthropods Earth = 10 billion billion

Characteristics of Arthropods: jointed limbs segments & specialized parts exoskeletons well-developed brains

Kinds of Arthropods: 1. centipedes & millipedes 2. crustaceans (lobster & crab…) 3. arachnids (spiders & ticks…) 4. insects (bees, flies, moths…)

Centipede and Millipede

Echinoderms means “spiny skinned”, these animals live on the ocean floor. Sea stars, sea cucumbers and sand dollars are examples

Echinoderms: Sea Cucumbers Sand Dollars Star Fish

This is the largest group of animals on Earth – they make up more than 75% of all members of the animal kingdom. A. Arthropods B. Echinoderms C. Mollusks D. Annelid Worms