An invitation for a study of the Enets prosody: Enets digital corpora Olesya Khanina Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences olesya.khanina@gmail.com ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’, Russian Science Foundation

Outline Enets (Forest, Tundra) – Northern Samoyedic – Samoyedic – Uralic 1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level? 2. What do we know about the Enets intonation? 3. Description of the Enets corpora. 4. Interesting questions concerning intonation patterns that the Enets corpora let us ask. ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level? Set of phonemes, patterns of variation (phonemic and allophonic) FE, TE: /e/~/i/ in the 1st syllable FE: /ɔ/~/a/, /ɔ/~/e/, /s/~/z/ FE, TE: optional vowel drop word-finally FE, TE: optional vowel drop in sequences of 2 identical vowels FE: optional vowel drop in even syllables in 2+ syllable words Stress patterns: in isolation and in a carrier phrase Khanina, Olesya & Andrey Shluinsky. In prep. Tundra and Forest Enets, In Abondolo, Daniel & Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi (eds.). 2018. The Uralic languages, 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge. Khanina, Olesya. Documenting a language with phonemic and phonetic variation: the case of Enets, Submitted to Language Documentation and Conservation. ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

Possible only in non-first syllables ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

Possible only in non-first syllables Possible only before front vowels (the frequency of use depends on the quality of the vowel and of the consonant) Possible only before front vowels (the frequency of use depends on the quality of the vowel and of the consonant) Non-first syllables only Non-first syllables only Non-first syllables only Non-first syllables only Non-first syllables only Non-first syllables only Non-first syllables only Non-first syllables only Non-first syllables only Non-first syllables only Non-first syllables only ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level? Set of phonemes, patterns of variation (phonemic and allophonic) FE, TE: /e/~/i/ in the 1st syllable FE: /ɔ/~/a/, /ɔ/~/e/, /s/~/z/ FE, TE: optional vowel drop word-finally FE, TE: optional vowel drop in sequences of 2 identical vowels FE: optional vowel drop in even syllables in 2+ syllable words Stress patterns: in isolation and in a carrier phrase Khanina, Olesya & Andrey Shluinsky. In prep. Tundra and Forest Enets, In Abondolo, Daniel & Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi (eds.). 2018. The Uralic languages, 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge. Khanina, Olesya. Documenting a language with phonemic and phonetic variation: the case of Enets, Submitted to Language Documentation and Conservation. ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level? Set of phonemes, patterns of variation (phonemic and allophonic) FE, TE: /e/~/i/ in the 1st syllable FE: /ɔ/~/a/, /ɔ/~/e/, /s/~/z/ FE, TE: optional vowel drop word-finally FE, TE: optional vowel drop in sequences of 2 identical vowels FE: optional vowel drop in even syllables in 2+ syllable words Stress patterns: in isolation and in a carrier phrase Khanina, Olesya & Andrey Shluinsky. In prep. Tundra and Forest Enets, In Abondolo, Daniel & Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi (eds.). 2018. The Uralic languages, 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge. Khanina, Olesya. Documenting a language with phonemic and phonetic variation: the case of Enets, Submitted to Language Documentation and Conservation. ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

Stress patterns the 1st syllable: often more prominent (prominence: length, intensity, pitch) the 2nd syllable: can also be prominent further syllables: rarely prominent, with exceptions connected to some affixes. + it is not uncommon for stress-related parameters to diverge: 1st vs. 2nd + different pronunciations of the same words may be characterized by a change in length, intensity, or pitch for the 1st or the 2nd syllable. in a carrier phrase: usually fewer prosodic distinctions 1st vs. non-1st, the length is the most frequent parameter to differentiate syllables in a carrier phrase => no easily identifiable fixed stress => the 1st syllable is more often prominent than not ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level? Set of phonemes, patterns of variation (phonemic and allophonic) FE, TE: /e/~/i/ in the 1st syllable FE: /ɔ/~/a/, /ɔ/~/e/, /s/~/z/ FE, TE: optional vowel drop word-finally FE, TE: optional vowel drop in sequences of 2 identical vowels FE: optional vowel drop in even syllables in 2+ syllable words Stress patterns: in isolation and in a carrier phrase Khanina, Olesya & Andrey Shluinsky. In prep. Tundra and Forest Enets, In Abondolo, Daniel & Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi (eds.). 2018. The Uralic languages, 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge. Khanina, Olesya. Documenting a language with phonemic and phonetic variation: the case of Enets, Submitted to Language Documentation and Conservation. ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level? Set of phonemes, patterns of variation (phonemic and allophonic) FE, TE: /e/~/i/ in the 1st syllable FE: /ɔ/~/a/, /ɔ/~/e/, /s/~/z/ FE, TE: optional vowel drop word-finally FE, TE: optional vowel drop in sequences of 2 identical vowels FE: optional vowel drop in even syllables in 2+ syllable words Stress patterns: in isolation and in a carrier phrase Khanina, Olesya & Andrey Shluinsky. In prep. Tundra and Forest Enets, In Abondolo, Daniel & Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi (eds.). 2018. The Uralic languages, 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge. Khanina, Olesya. Documenting a language with phonemic and phonetic variation: the case of Enets, Submitted to Language Documentation and Conservation. ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

2. What do we know about the Enets intonation? ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

2. What do we know about the Enets intonation? NOTHING! ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

3. Description of the Enets corpora Glossed and translated texts synchronized with audio (and partly video); ELAN & Toolbox Translation and glossing in Russian AND English; Enets is written with Latin script (Cyrillic script in progress) All texts: oral speech (a handful of written texts read aloud) Genres: everyday stories, traditional stories and tales, dialogues, interviews, procedures and instructions, songs, polylogues, ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

3. Description of the Enets corpora Modern data (speakers born 1940s-1960s): 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010: Potapovo, Vorontsovo, Dudinka Recorded by Andrey Shluinsky, Olesya Khanina, Maria Ovsjannikova, Natalia Stoynova, Sergey Trubetskoy Data from archives (speakers born 1910s-1930s): reels, cassettes, minidisks Recorded by linguists Kazimir Labanauskas, Eugen Helimski, Irina P. Sorokina, Darja S. Bolina, a musicologist Oksana E. Dobzhanskaja, an Enets journalist of local radio Nina N. Bolina; Viktor N. Pal’chin, Marina N. Pal’china, Vera Bettu, … Transcribed by Andrey Shluinsky, Olesya Khanina, Maria Ovsjannikova, Natalia Stoynova, Sergey Trubetskoy All glossed by Andrey Shluinsky (FE) and Olesya Khanina (TE) ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

3. Description of the Enets corpora Hours Texts Clauses MS Word pages Speakers Current generation Previous generations Forest Enets 25 342 ca. 30 000 ca. 3 500 18 Tundra Enets 7.2 99 ca. 9 000 ca. 1 000 8 6 Total 32.2 441 ca. 39 000 ca. 4 500 50 ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

4. Interesting questions concerning intonation patterns that the Enets corpora let us ask Forest Enets vs. Tundra Enets Modern vs. pre-modern TE vs. TE in Nganasan surrounding (in progress) Comparison to the Russian of the Enets ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

4. Interesting questions concerning intonation patterns that the Enets corpora let us ask Forest Enets vs. Tundra Enets Modern vs. pre-modern TE vs. TE in Nganasan surrounding (in progress) Comparison to the Russian of the Enets ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

4. Interesting questions concerning intonation patterns that the Enets corpora let us ask Forest Enets vs. Tundra Enets Modern vs. pre-modern TE vs. TE in Nganasan surrounding (in progress) Comparison to the Russian of the Enets ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

4. Interesting questions concerning intonation patterns that the Enets corpora let us ask Forest Enets vs. Tundra Enets Modern vs. pre-modern TE vs. TE in Nganasan surrounding (in progress) Comparison to the Russian of the Enets ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

4. How to get the Enets corpora For the latest version, e-mail the owners: Olesya Khanina: olesya.khanina@gmail.com Andrey Shluinsky: ashl@yandex.ru Web-version of FE (non-downloadable, glossing) http://larkpie.net/siberianlanguages/recordings/forest-enets Raw web-version of FE, TE (downloadable, no glossing) http://elar.soas.ac.uk/deposit/0302 By the end of 2017: fully updated in the Internet (a part of the corpora) ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation