By Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis A-z coasts By Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Backwash Backwash is the movement of water after the waves swash on the coast Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

beach Beach is the landform along the coast ,often the beach has rock, sand, gravel, shingle, or pebbles. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Cave ,arch ,stack ,stump The waves erode the headland, the cracks grow larger and form a cave. The cave still eroded and form an arch. After many years the arch will collapse and transforms into a stack. In the end the stack will erode to a stump Video Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Cave ,arch ,stack ,stump Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Constructive waves They are created in calm weather and are less powerful than destructive waves . They break on the shore and deposit material, building up beaches .They have a swash that is stronger than the backwash Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Deposition Deposition is the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or land mass. It is deposited, building up layers of sediment. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Destructive waves They occur when wave energy is high and the wave has travelled over a long fetch . They tend to erode the coast . They have a stronger backwash than swash. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Erosion Erosion is the act in which earth is worn away. Hydraulic action: is erosion that occurs when the motion of water against a rock surface (cracks) helps to break it up. Abrasion: Bits of rock and sand in waves grind down cliff surfaces like sandpaper. Solution: Acids in sea water dissolve some types of rock such as chalk or limestone. Attrition: Waves smash rocks and pebbles on the shore into each other, and they break and become into smaller bits. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Processes of erosion Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Head lands/bays Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is surrounded by the headland. A headland is surrounded by water in thee sides. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Fetch The Fetch is the length of water over which the wind has blown. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Longshore drift Longshore drift consists of the transportation of sand and shingle along a coast which dependent on prevailing wind direction, swash and backwash Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Shingle Shingles are pebbles or small to medium size cobbles. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Salt marsh A salt marsh,, is a coastal ecosystem in the upper coastal intertidal zone between land and open salt water or brackish water that is regularly flooded by the tides. It is dominated by dense stands of salt-tolerant plants such as herbs, grasses, or low shrubs. Also in the salt marsh they are living different species like birds (flamingo) and snakes. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Salt mash Cyprus Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Sand spit A sand spit is a beach landform found off coasts. It develops in places where headlands erode by the process of longshore drift. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Swash The swash is layer of water that washes up on the beach after an incoming wave has broken. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Tidal range The tidal range is the difference between the high tide and the low tide. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Video of tidal range Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Tide (high tide, low tide) Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels as the moon travels around the earth. High tide is the highest level of the sea in that day. Low tide is the lowest level of the sea in that day. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Wave cut notch This is like a small cave, created by the erosion of the waves. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Wave cut platform A wave-cut platform is a flat area often found at the base of a sea cliff or bay, or sea that was created the erosion of waves. Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis

Video for wave cut platform Angelos Petrou & Christos Kathidjiotis