The effects of phosphate on energy reserves in Chironomus tepperi

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Presentation transcript:

The effects of phosphate on energy reserves in Chironomus tepperi Molly Hoak PhD Student CAPIM Research Summit, August 2016

Background: Phosphorus Essential nutrient for plants and animals Important component of ATP Occurs naturally as phosphate (PO4) Image: Peter Woodward

Background: Why Phosphate? Enters waterways through agricultural and urban runoff, sewage effluent, and leaking septic systems Causes algal blooms More important than other nutrients as a contributor to eutrophication Photo: Lori Volkart

Background: Why Phosphate?

Aim To determine how different levels of phosphate affect the development and energy use of Chironomus tepperi

Chironomids Exposed to contaminants in sediment and pore-water One of the families recorded in site bioassessments Easy to culture in laboratory

Effects of Phosphate: Prior experiments Water-only chronic exposure (to emergence) Chironomus tepperi 2nd instar larvae 0, Control (0.5), 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mg/L Early emergence in 10 mg/L p ≤ 0.05

Methods Sediment exposure Laboratory culture of chironomids Overlying water dosed with KH2PO4 Concentrations of 0, Control (0.5), 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/L 8 replicates, 4 sacrificed after 96 hrs Laboratory culture of chironomids Exposed from 2nd Instar (5 days old) 4 replicates sacrificed at 96 hrs for growth, protein, lipid, and glycogen tests 4 replicates exposed until emergence

Results: Emergence

Results: Emergence

Results: Growth

Results: Protein

Results: Lipid

Results: Glycogen

Results: Summary The effect on emergence is much less pronounced in sediment tests than in water-only tests There is still high variability in the 10 mg/L concentration Glycogen and lipid concentrations trend lower in the 5 and 10 mg/L concentrations Protein concentration trends lower at high levels of phosphate

Conclusions Sediment makes it more complicated Energy reserves of C. tepperi seem to be lower at 5 and 10 mg/L of phosphate However, does not necessarily translate to developmental effects Lower energy reserves in combination with other stressors could have developmental effects

Questions?