Perspective Linear Perspective: creating the illusion of 3-dimensional space on a 2-dimensional surface. A horizon line, vanishing point and perspective lines are used. In this class we will be learning how to draw in : 1 Point Perspective and 2Point Perspective

During the Renaissance (1450-1600), artists became interested in making two-dimensional artworks look three-dimensional. They used mathematics and close observation to invent “linear perspective.” The system of linear perspective gave artists a powerful new tool for creating realistic art. School of Athens Raphael (1518)

The Last Supper, Da Vinci, 1495-1498

Atmospheric Perspective creating the illusion of depth of space : - by fading colors and - eliminating details in objects that are farther away. The Mona Lisa Da Vinci

One-point perspective (1 vanishing point) Two-point perspective (2 vanishing points) In one-point perspective, the forms are seen face on and are drawn to a single vanishing point. The first thing drawn in 1 point perspective is a shape Details on only one side go back to the vanishing point Objects seen at an angle would be drawn with two-point perspective using two vanishing points. The first thing drawn in 2 point perspective is a line Details on ALL sides go back to the vanishing points

jhhjlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllh Linear perspective a technique for representing three-dimensional space on a flat surface. Linear perspective is based on the way the human eye sees the world. To create this illusion of space, the artist establishes a vanishing point on the horizon line. Objects are drawn using orthogonal lines which lead to the vanishing point(s). jhhjh jhhjlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllh

Draw a horizontal line one or two inches down from top of the page Draw a horizontal line one or two inches down from top of the page. This is your horizon line

Draw a dot in the middle of your horizon line Draw a dot in the middle of your horizon line. This is your vanishing point

Now draw a square or rectangle in the right or left bottom area of your page.

Now connect three corners of your rectangle or square to the vanishing point. These are orthogonal lines.

Draw a horizontal line between the top two orthogonals where you want your form to end.

Draw a vertical line down from the horizontal line to complete the side.

Now you have a 3-D form in one-point perspective in a bird’s eye view! Erase the remaining orthogonal lines. Now you have a 3-D form in one-point perspective in a bird’s eye view!

1-point perspective worm’s eye view eye level view bird’s eye view

Draw a horizontal line one or two inches down from top of the page Draw a horizontal line one or two inches down from top of the page. This is your horizon line.

2-point perspective Draw two dots on your horizon line near the edges of the paper. These are your vanishing points

Draw a vertical line that is the "front edge" of your form.

Connect the two ends of your "front edge" line to each vanishing point Connect the two ends of your "front edge" line to each vanishing point. These are called orthogonal lines.

Draw two vertical lines between the orthogonals where you want the back edges of your form.

Now join the back, top corners to the opposite vanishing point to complete the top of the form. Draw lightly so you can erase!

Erase the extra orthogonals Erase the extra orthogonals. Now you have a form drawn in two-point perspective!

2-point perspective worm’s eye view eye level view bird’s eye view