Chapter 11 Teaching and learning mathematics in the early years.

Chapter Summary This chapter emphasises that problem solving and reasoning should underpin all mathematical learning in the early years. The chapter describes the importance of playful, child led activity to all learning Assessment for learning is vital in terms of planning next stages of development for all early years learners

The early years learner Every child is a unique child who is constantly learning and can be resilient, capable, confident and self-assured Children learn to be strong and independent through positive relationships Children learn and develop well in an enabling environment Children learn and develop in different ways and at different rates.

Numbers as labels for counting Saying and using number names in order in familiar contexts Counting reliably up to 20 objects Recognising the numbers 1 to 20

Calculating Begin to use the language of addition and subtraction in practical activities and discussion. Use language such as ‘more’ and ‘less’ to compare numbers. Find one more or one less than a number. Use objects to add or subtract small quantities seeing additions as combining groups and subtractions as ‘taking away’. Begin to use the language of doubling and halving and sharing using objects which they can split into equal groups.

Shape, space and measures Use language such as ‘greater’, ‘smaller’, ‘heavier’ or ‘lighter’ to compare quantities. Talk about, recognise and recreate simple number patterns. They explore the characteristics of everyday objects and shapes and use mathematical vocabulary to talk about them Use everyday words to describe position such as ‘in front of’ and ‘behind’ or ‘above’ and ‘below’.

Mathematics with reason Pose the problem Refine the problem into areas for investigation Outline the questions we need to ask Bring the data home Look for solutions Establish recommendations Make it happen – put the solution into action and test it out What next? Start the proecss again

Observing teaching in the early years Watch the video on the companion website: What are the implications for your teaching in the later years of education? What are the key things that primary classrooms can learn from early years practice?